tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-27597500631859878532024-03-05T04:53:52.855-03:00Espacio Agón - Blog de Filosofía Política - Political Philosophy BlogBlog para la difusión de artículos de Filosofía Política.
Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades.Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.comBlogger217125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-52729644668745058812012-12-07T17:57:00.004-03:002012-12-07T18:07:47.403-03:00Encuentro de Reflexión: Entre lo Ordinario y lo Extraordinario: Memoria, Olvido, "Retorno de la Política"<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-5888861912281862672010-12-17T23:20:00.007-03:002010-12-17T23:34:19.168-03:00Novedad Editorial - "¿Qué es una nación?" de Ernest Renan - Traducción de Ana Kuschnir - Hydra Editorial<div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgHQN-Og9_mWT7TGNOnXt5qL6cnRDk_ikJqOjsiO3-LW2oOZWSdvhSspe6DjaQsgvvaiQE2JW4JtnDthxM2Xfohf_c1-RZfLl3ECsSCM7y2aoD3KkqSistYT0WDPDbUzxzXN3zvj6m0RwD/s1600/renan.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 278px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgHQN-Og9_mWT7TGNOnXt5qL6cnRDk_ikJqOjsiO3-LW2oOZWSdvhSspe6DjaQsgvvaiQE2JW4JtnDthxM2Xfohf_c1-RZfLl3ECsSCM7y2aoD3KkqSistYT0WDPDbUzxzXN3zvj6m0RwD/s400/renan.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5551842749807152162" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;">(</span><a style="font-weight: bold; font-family: verdana;" href="http://espacioagon.blogspot.com/2010/09/ernest-renan-que-es-una-nacion.html">click aquí para leer la versión online</a><span style="font-family: verdana;"> publicada en Espacio Agón - Blog de Filosofía Política, Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades -edición de Franco Savarino)</span><br /></div><br /><img style="font-weight: bold;" src="file:///C:/Users/Facu/AppData/Local/Temp/moz-screenshot-7.png" alt="" /><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"><strong>Título:</strong></p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto">Ernest Renan<em><em>, ¿Qué es una nación?</em></em>, Buenos Aires, Hydra, 2010. Prólogo de Anthony D. Smith, traducción de Ana Kuschnir, notas de Ana Kuschnir y Esteban Amador.</p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"><strong> </strong></p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"><strong>Resumen:</strong></p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto">El segundo volumen de nuestra Serie clásicos corresponde a esta obra escrita por Ernest Renan a modo de conferencia y pronunciada en la Sorbonne el 11 de marzo de 1882. En esa ocasión el pensador francés ofrece un estudio en torno a un término tan escurridizo y debatido como es el de <em>nación</em>, partiendo de la discusión acerca del criterio por el cual se distinguen las unidades histórico-políticas bajo el nombre de «nación» de otras como «pueblo», «imperio», «ciudad estado», «tribu». Planteado el asunto, Renan argumenta contra la idea de que la raza juega algún papel en el forjamiento de las naciones y del mismo modo cuestiona que pueda atribuírsele soberanía a una aglomeración de personas meram<strong></strong>ente en razón de su unidad lingüística o religiosa, o por el hecho de que comparten un conjunto de intereses.</p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"> </p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"> </p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto">Si la enumeración de diversos elementos de pertenencia como la lengua, la religión o la raza no puede acercarnos a una comprensión cabal de la nación, Renan pasa a indagar otro tipo de principio sobre el cual fundar la nacionalidad:</p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto">«<em>la nación es un alma, un principio espiritual. D</em><strong></strong><em>os cosas que, a decir verdad, no forman sino una, constituyen este alma, este principio espiritual. Una está en el pasado, la otra en el presente. Una es la posesión en común de un rico legado de recuerdos; la otra es el consentimiento actual, el deseo de vivir juntos, la voluntad de seguir haciendo valer la herencia indivisa que se recibió en común</em>».</p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto">El camino argumentativo que toma Renan fue novedoso en su época y puede mantener ese carácter en la medida en que su lectura hoy nos invita a pensar el lugar que juegan las formaciones nacionales en el mapa de los fenó<strong></strong>menos contemporáneos.</p><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"><strong><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-PPLH9qTNM8wDrs7q0WUmxNKuHVL-tAT42RylB3Mq8Z6z9w3ogsNES6AgrVwTkyj6VXUah6IDKmGCGhP0poSk8zP5X1nsZGdU67AieIhAwEQclsvcdNb9v3G8-KY_yiNL5fLrx-s7UCys/s1600/image001.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 299px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-PPLH9qTNM8wDrs7q0WUmxNKuHVL-tAT42RylB3Mq8Z6z9w3ogsNES6AgrVwTkyj6VXUah6IDKmGCGhP0poSk8zP5X1nsZGdU67AieIhAwEQclsvcdNb9v3G8-KY_yiNL5fLrx-s7UCys/s400/image001.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5551842151631394466" border="0" /></a></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"><br /><strong></strong></p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"> </p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"><strong>Autor:</strong></p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto">Ernest Renan (1823-1892), historiador, filólogo, filósofo y escritor, es reconocido como uno de los grandes nombres de la cultura francesa. Tras dejar los hábitos, fue profesor en el prestigioso Collège de France, y la publicación del controvertido libro <em>La vida de Jesús </em>(1863) da lugar a grandes discusiones que obligan a Renan a abandonar su puesto en el Collège de France, institución a la que regresará en 1870. Luego, en 1878 es nombrado miembro de la Académie Fraçaise. </p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto">A lo largo de su vida, Renan cultivó una intensa y difícil relación con Alemania: a la vez su patria intelectual y objeto de admiración, y el blanco de sus críticas por la Guerra Franco-Prusiana y la anexión de las regiones de Alsacia y Lorena. Escritor prolífico, entre sus obras se destacan: la <em>Historia de los orígenes del cristianismo</em>, <em>La reforma intelectual y moral </em>y los <em>Dramas filosóficos</em>, entre incontables ensayos y conferencias. Entre estas últimas ocupa un lugar especial la de 1882, <em>¿Qué es una nación?</em>, texto de fama mundial y referencia obligada en el área de estudios sobre la nación y el nacionalismo.</p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"> </p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"><strong>Prologuista:</strong></p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto">La presente versión en español de <em>¿Qué es una nación?</em> ha sido prologada por el historiador inglés Anthony D. Smith (1933-). El Dr. A. D. Smith es Professor Emeritus of Nationalism and Ethnicity en la London School of Economics, Presidente de la Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism de la misma institución y editor en jefe de la revista <em>Nations and Nationalism</em>. Discípulo de Ernest Gellner, es uno de los mayores especialistas en el área de los estudios sobre el nacionalismo y contribuyó a la creación y consolidación de una perspectiva multidisciplinaria en el tema. Su original enfoque, el «etnosimbolismo», a partir del cual discute las tesis del historiador Eric Hobsbawn y otros historiadores «modernistas» se encuentra desarrollado en <em>Las teorías del nacionalismo, El origen étnico de las naciones, </em>y<em> Nacionalismo y modernismo </em>entre otros libros y numerosos artículos publicados en revistas especializadas.</p> <p style="font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"> </p> <p style="font-weight: bold;" class="urania_czech_texto"> </p>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-44103025266610031682010-12-14T23:31:00.005-03:002010-12-15T00:05:12.577-03:00Video: Jean-Luc Nancy - 2007, Una belleza nueva, Chile<a style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7I3J-84QvL0fTOdgoIr_VtO9BX_5GldpGNF8PArBpkQZ-bJSW4xxqLnSCHpU1IZx6L9A8SkJu32ElM_fdCcGUIH2GiwzSWLkcFripbbpeqH6vQygtthJbLJEr97Fr8oUOOi1pefUx3BA/s1600-h/bscap0009.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 180px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7I3J-84QvL0fTOdgoIr_VtO9BX_5GldpGNF8PArBpkQZ-bJSW4xxqLnSCHpU1IZx6L9A8SkJu32ElM_fdCcGUIH2GiwzSWLkcFripbbpeqH6vQygtthJbLJEr97Fr8oUOOi1pefUx3BA/s320/bscap0009.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5435510533942100674" border="0" /></a><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Cristián Warnken entrevista al filósofo francés Jean-Luc Nancy para el programa de televisión chilena "Una belleza nueva". Nancy reflexiona, entre otros temas, sobre la "desnudez" y "la invitación a lo abierto" de que hablan algunos poemas de Hölderlin, sobre el fin de Occidente, sobre la comunidad y la fragilidad, sobre el hombre como llamado y otro en sí mismo, así como sobre su experiencia de tener un corazón transplantado ("intruso"). Durante la entrevista, son citados algunos libros de Nancy como: "La declosión (deconstrucción del cristianismo)", "Ser singular plural", "La comunidad enfrentada", "La comunidad inoperante" y "El intruso".</span><br /></div><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><br /><strong style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Datos del video:</span></strong><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Duración:</strong></span> </span><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">56</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> min</span></span></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Idioma:</strong></span> </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">francés con subtítulos en español</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><br /></div><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);"><strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Tamaño:</span> </strong><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">188</span></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">MB</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Formato:</strong></span> </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">RMVB</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);"><strong><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Calidad de imagen:</span></strong></span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">aceptable</span></span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><strong>Archivo</strong><strong></strong><strong> en RAR para descagar:</strong></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 102);"> </span><a style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 102);" href="http://s5.histats.com/stats/r.php?681995&100&5&urlr=&www.megaupload.com/?d=0QK35PSF" target="_blank"><strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);">http://www.megaupload.com/?d=0QK35PSF</span></strong></a>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-59698969212421326352010-12-14T23:28:00.004-03:002010-12-14T23:41:45.588-03:00Video: "Walt Whitman: una experiencia americana" - 2008<a style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeNl_JlofRJUKd0DmY5qTwu9KM380SsoBaUxeq-mRKiF9d5jLJlpKOxgEbfpY3M0tEcpL-ucquRkHw5cSiazmfaDj83aFETJBR1e6I4oY9cAJemDb1MSI1DfgxKdAj3y6yL63nsdui61o/s1600/bscap0043.jpg"><img alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5529983176724067778" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeNl_JlofRJUKd0DmY5qTwu9KM380SsoBaUxeq-mRKiF9d5jLJlpKOxgEbfpY3M0tEcpL-ucquRkHw5cSiazmfaDj83aFETJBR1e6I4oY9cAJemDb1MSI1DfgxKdAj3y6yL63nsdui61o/s320/bscap0043.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 180px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 320px;" border="0" /></a><br /><a style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrI_CgpajCShWjsgzeCL5sB3-kApFOleN8jW9WYuqCJnPe3ALylUvHxoOjl5C0anXkR8u23oOTVysj91Ff8gAG1LLjAdhE3_uue2Khd6p34ohANchF0yAMtGI5GTcMlqNGb2QB5buWdg4/s1600/bscap0038.jpg"><img alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5529983068236391602" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrI_CgpajCShWjsgzeCL5sB3-kApFOleN8jW9WYuqCJnPe3ALylUvHxoOjl5C0anXkR8u23oOTVysj91Ff8gAG1LLjAdhE3_uue2Khd6p34ohANchF0yAMtGI5GTcMlqNGb2QB5buWdg4/s320/bscap0038.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 180px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 320px;" border="0" /></a><br /><a style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI2HwLwcWXU0a8n_FX8jBeMtK1pYxwcQNhcKB6qwAkCgYUIi7wZkJnQf7usGuQuu6hgTSrtKKX0slrr3Zcbk7_hKXtxBy0hDRbzbNJOPxMrqGaRG5j-FXJGhyphenhyphenwkr7YZdfJ1kUjmUNXqfs/s1600/bscap0062.jpg"><img alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5529982938004707890" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI2HwLwcWXU0a8n_FX8jBeMtK1pYxwcQNhcKB6qwAkCgYUIi7wZkJnQf7usGuQuu6hgTSrtKKX0slrr3Zcbk7_hKXtxBy0hDRbzbNJOPxMrqGaRG5j-FXJGhyphenhyphenwkr7YZdfJ1kUjmUNXqfs/s320/bscap0062.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 180px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 320px;" border="0" /></a><br /><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;">Documental dedicado al escritor estadounidense Walt Whitman. En este programa se hace un recuento de hechos significativos de la vida del poeta y se relacionan éstos con su obra. Se habla de su vida familiar, sus vagabundeos por Nueva York, su preocupación por el problema de la esclavitud a partir de su experiencia en el Sur de Estados Unidos, el impactó que en él tuvo la Guerra Civil y la muerte de Lincoln, sus años de vejez en que enfrenta la enfermedad. Igualmente, se explica la génesis y las sucesivas reediciones aumentadas de “Hojas de hierba”, y las diferentes reacciones que el libro ha suscitado, entre las que se destaca la de Ralph Waldo Emerson. A lo largo del documental se leen poemas de Whitman y se escuchan las interpretaciones de diversos críticos y escritores tales como Ed Folsom, Allan Gurganus, Karen Karbiener, David Reynolds, Yusef Komunyakaa y Martín Espada.<br /><br />Los subtítulos para este documental fueron realizados por Giorgina Cerutti, <a href="mailto:giorgi_ce@hotmail.com" style="color: rgb(255, 153, 0);" target="_blank">giorgi_ce@hotmail.com</a>, a quien agradecemos su colaboración con la "Videoteca de humanidades". La revisión del subtítulo fue hecha por "<a href="http://doclecticos.blogspot.com/">Doclécticos</a>".</div><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153); font-weight: bold;">Datos del video:</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Duración:</span> </span><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">1 h. 42 min</span>.</span></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Idioma:</span> </span>inglés con subtítulos en español.</div><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Tamaño: 448</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);"> </span></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">MB</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Formato:</span> </span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">RMVB</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);"><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Calidad de imagen</span>:</span> buena<br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Un archivo en RAR:</span> <a href="http://s5.histats.com/stats/r.php?681995&100&12775&urlr=&www.megaupload.com/?d=HU8LFJ0I" target="_blank"><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);">http://www.megaupload.com/?d=HU8LFJ0I</span></a></span>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-43897091104847706122010-12-09T23:18:00.003-03:002010-12-09T23:41:13.001-03:00John Maynard Keynes: "Am I a Liberal?" (1925)<!--[if !mso]> <style> v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:hyphenationzone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" latentstylecount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id="ieooui"></object> <style> st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:hyphenationzone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" latentstylecount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" align="center"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:16pt;" >AM I A LIBERAL?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" align="center"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:16pt;" ><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" align="center"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:16pt;" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" align="center"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:16pt;" >(1925)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" align="center"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:16pt;" ><br /></span></p> <p style="font-weight: bold;" class="MsoNormal"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" > </span></p> <p style="font-weight: bold;" class="MsoNormal"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:10pt;">‘Am I a Liberal?’ was first given as an address to the Liberal Summer School which met at Cambridge in August 1925. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;">It was then published as two articles in the Nation and Athenaeum, 8 and 15 August 1925.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:10pt;">The published version varies only slightly from the typescript of the original speech, with the exception of one interesting omission in which Keynes elaborates on the theme of his real objection to the Labour Party. The paragraphs in question occur after the sentence ending ‘…the <span style="font-style: italic;">class </span>war will find me on the side of the educated <span style="font-style: italic;">bourgeoisie</span>’. In his speech to the Liberal Summer School Keynes continued:</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" ><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >But this is not the fundamental difficulty. I am ready to sacrifice my local patriotisms to an important general purpose. What is the real repulsion which keeps me away from Labour?</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >I cannot explain it without beginning to approach my fundamental position. I believe that in the future, more than ever, questions about the economic framework of society will be far and away the most important of political issues. I believe that the right solution will involve intellectual and scientific elements which must be above the heads of the vast mass of more or less illiterate voters. Now, in a democracy, every party alike has to depend on this mass of ill-understanding voters, and no party will attain power unless it can win the confidence of these voters by persuading them in a general way either that it intends to promote their interests or that it intends to gratify their passions. Nevertheless there are differences between the several parties in the degree to which the party machine <span style=""> </span>is <span style=""> </span>democratised <span style=""> </span>through <span style=""> </span>and <span style=""> </span>through <span style=""> </span>and <span style=""> </span>the <span style=""> </span>preparation <span style=""> </span>of <span style=""> </span>the <span style=""> </span>party programme democratised in its details. In this respect the Conservative Party is in much the best position. The inner ring of the party can almost dictate the details and the technique <span style=""> </span>of <span style=""> </span>policy. <span style=""> </span>Traditionally <span style=""> </span>the <span style=""> </span>management <span style=""> </span>of <span style=""> </span>the <span style=""> </span>Liberal <span style=""> </span>Party <span style=""> </span>was <span style=""> </span>also sufficiently autocratic. Recently there have been ill-advised [this word was pencilled through—Ed.] movements in the direction of democratising the details of the party programme. This has been a reaction against a weak and divided leadership, for which, in fact, there is no remedy except strong and united leadership. With strong leadership the technique, as distinguished from the main principles, of policy could still be dictated above. The Labour Party, on the other hand, is in a far weaker position. I do not believe that the intellectual elements in the party will ever exercise adequate control…</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" align="center"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" align="center"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >I</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >If one is born a political animal, it is most uncomfortable not to belong to a party; cold and lonely and futile it is. If your party is strong, and its programme <span style=""> </span>and its philosophy sympathetic, satisfying the gregarious, practical, and intellectual instincts all at the same time, how very agreeable that must be!—worth a large subscription and all one's spare time—that is, if you are a political animal.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >So the political animal who cannot bring himself to utter the contemptible words, ‘I am no party man’, would almost rather belong to any party than to none. If he cannot find a home by the principle of attraction, he must find one by the principle of repulsion and go to those whom he dislikes least, rather than stay out in the cold.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >Now take my own case—where am I landed on this negative test? How could I bring myself to be a Conservative? They offer me neither food nor drink—neither intellectual nor spiritual consolation. I should not be amused or excited or edified. That which is common to the atmosphere, the mentality, the view of life of—well, I will not mention names—promotes neither my self-interest nor the public good. It leads nowhere; it satisfies no ideal; it conforms to no intellectual standard; it is not even safe, or calculated to preserve from spoilers that degree of civilisation which we have already attained.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >Ought I, then, to join the Labour Party? Superficially that is more attractive. But looked at closer, there are great difculties. To begin with, it is a class party, and the class is not my class. If I am going to pursue sectional interests at all, I shall pursue my own. When it comes to the class struggle as such, my local and personal patriotisms, like those of every one else, except certain unpleasant zealous ones, are attached to my own surroundings. I can be influenced by what seems to me to be justice ad good sense; but the class war will find me on the side of the educated bourgeoisie.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >But, above all, I do not believe that the intellectual elements in the Labour Party will ever exercise adequate control; too much will always be decided by those who do not know at all what they are talking about; and if—which is not unlikely—the control of the party is seized by an autocratic inner ring, this control will be exercised in the interests of the extreme left wing—the section of the Labour Party which I shall designate the party of catastrophe.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >On the negative test, I incline to believe that the Liberal Party is still the best instrument of future progress—if only it had strong leadership and the right programme.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >But when we come to consider the problem of party positively—by reference to what attracts rather than to what repels—the aspect is dismal in every party alike, whether we put our hopes in measures or in men. And the reason is the same in each case. The historic party questions of the nineteenth century are as dead as last week's mutton; and whilst the questions of the future are looming up, they have not yet become party questions, and they ‘cut across’ the old party lines.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >Civil and religious liberty, the franchise, the Irish question, Dominion self-government, the power of the House of Lords, steeply graduated taxation of incomes and of fortunes, the lavish use of the public revenues for ‘social reform’, that it to say, social insurance for sickness, unemployment <span style=""> </span>and old age, education, <span style=""> </span>housing and public health—all <span style=""> </span>these causes for which the Liberal Party fought are successfully achieved or are obsolete or are the common ground of all parties alike. What remains? Some will say—the land question. Not I—for I believe that this question, in its traditional form, has now become, by reason of a silent change in the facts, of very slight political importance. I see only two planks of the historic Liberal platform still seaworthy—the drink question and free trade. And of these two free trade survives, as a great and living political issue, by an accident. There were always two arguments for free trade—the laissez-faire argument which appealed and still appeals to the Liberal individualists, and the economic argument based on the benefits which flow from each country's employing its resources where it has a comparative advantage. I no longer believe in the political philosophy which the doctrine of free trade adorned. I believe in free trade because, in the long run and in general, it is the only policy which is technically sound and intellectually tight.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >But take it at the best, can the Liberal Party sustain itself on the land question, the drink question, and free trade alone, even if it were to reach a united and clear-cut programme on the two former? The positive argument for being a Liberal, is at present, very weak. How do the other parties survive the positive test?</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >The Conservative Party will always have its place as a diehard home. But constructively, it is in just as bad case as the Liberal Party. It is often no more than an accident of temperament or of past associations, and not a real difference of policy or of ideals, which now separates the progressive <span style=""> </span>young Conservative <span style=""> </span>from the average Liberal. The old battle-cries are muffled or silent. The Church, the aristocracy, the landed interests, the rights of property, the glories of empire, the pride of the services, even beer and whisky, will never again be the guiding forces of British politics.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >The Conservative <span style=""> </span>Party <span style=""> </span>ought <span style=""> </span>to be <span style=""> </span>concerning <span style=""> </span>itself <span style=""> </span>with <span style=""> </span>evolving <span style=""> </span>a version <span style=""> </span>of individualistic capitalism adapted to the progressive change of circumstances. The difficulty is that the capitalist leaders in the City and in Parliament are incapable of distinguishing novel measures for safeguarding capitalism from what they call Bolshevism. If old-fashioned capitalism was intellectually capable of defending itself, it would not be dislodged for many generations. But, fortunately for Socialists, there is little chance of this.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >I believe that the seeds of the intellectual decay of individualist capitalism are to be found in an institution which is not in the least characteristic of itself, but which it took over from the social system of feudalism which preceded it—namely, the hereditary principle. The hereditary principle in the transmission of wealth and the control of business is the reason why the leadership <span style=""> </span>of the capitalist cause is weak and stupid. It is too much dominated by third-generation men. Nothing will cause a social institution to decay with more certainty than its attachment to the hereditary principle. It is an illustration of this that by far the oldest of our institutions, the Church, is the one which has always kept itself free from the hereditary taint.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >Just as the Conservative Party will always have its diehard wing, so the Labour Party will always <span style=""> </span>be <span style=""> </span>flanked <span style=""> </span>by <span style=""> </span>the <span style=""> </span>Party <span style=""> </span>of <span style=""> </span>Catastrophe—Jacobins, <span style=""> </span>Communists, <span style=""> </span>Bolshevists, whatever you choose to call them. This is the party which hates or despises existing institutions and believes that great good will result merely from overthrowing them—or at least that to overthrow them is the necessary preliminary to any great good. This party can only flourish in an atmosphere of social oppression or as a reaction against the Rule of Die- Hard. In Great Britain it is, in its extreme form, numerically very weak. Nevertheless its philosophy in a diluted form permeates, in my opinion, the whole Labour Party. However moderate its leaders may be at heart, the Labour Party will always depend for electoral success on making some slight appeal to the widespread passions and jealousies which find their full development in the Party of Catastrophe. I believe that this secret sympathy with the Policy of Catastrophe is the worm which gnaws at the seaworthiness of any constructive vessel which the Labour Party may launch. The passions of malignity, jealousy, hatred of those who have wealth and power (even in their own body), ill consort with ideals to build up a true social republic. Yet it is necessary for a successful Labour leader to be, or at least to appear, a little savage. It is not enough that he should love his fellow-men; he must hate them too.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >What then do I want Liberalism to be? On the one side, Conservatism is a well-defined entity—with a right of diehards, to give it strength and passion, and a left of what one may call 'the best type' of educated, humane, Conservative free traders, to lend it moral and intellectual respectability. On the other side, Labour is also well defined—with a left of catastrophists, to give it strength and passion, and a right of what one may call 'the best type' of educated, humane, socialistic reformers, to lend it moral and intellectual respectability. Is there room for any thing between? Should not each of us here decide whether we consider ourselves to be 'the best type' of Conservative free traders or 'the best type' of socialistic reformers, and have done with it?</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >Perhaps that is how we shall end. But I still think that there is room for a party which shall be disinterested as between classes, and which shall be free in building the future both from the <span style=""> </span>influences <span style=""> </span>of <span style=""> </span>diehardism <span style=""> </span>and <span style=""> </span>from <span style=""> </span>those <span style=""> </span>of <span style=""> </span>catastrophism, <span style=""> </span>which <span style=""> </span>will <span style=""> </span>spoil <span style=""> </span>the constructions of each of the others. Let me sketch out in the briefest terms what I conceive to be the philosophy and practice of such a party.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >To begin with, it must emancipate itself from the dead wood of the past. In my opinion there is now no place, except in the left wing of the Conservative Party, for those whose hearts are set on old-fashioned individualism and laissez-faire in all their rigour—greatly though these contributed to the success of the nineteenth century. I say this, not because I think that these doctrines were wrong in the conditions which gave birth to them (I hope that I should have belonged to this party if I had been born a hundred years earlier), but because they have ceased to be applicable to modern conditions. Our programme must deal not with the historic issues of Liberalism, but with those matters—whether or not they have already become party questions—which are of living interest and urgent importance to-day. We must take risks of unpopularity and derision. Then our meetings will draw crowds and our body be infused with strength.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" align="center"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >II</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >I divide the questions of today into five headings: (1) peace questions; (2) questions of government; (3) sex questions; (4) drug questions; (5) economic questions.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >On peace questions let us be pacifist to the utmost. As regards the empire, I do not think that there is any important problem except in India. Elsewhere, so far as problems of government are concerned, the process of friendly disintegration is now almost complete— to the great benefit of all. But as regards pacifism and armaments we are only just at the beginning. I should like to take risks in the interests of peace, just as in the past we have taken risks in the interests of war. But I do not want these risks to assume the form of an undertaking to make war in various hypothetical circumstances. I am against pacts. To pledge the whole of our armed forces to defend disarmed Germany against an attack by France in the plenitude of the latter's military power is foolish; and to assume that we shall take part in every future war in western Europe is un necessary. But I am in favour of giving a very good example, even at the risk of being weak, in the direction of arbitration and of disarmament.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >I turn next to questions of government—a dull but important matter. I believe that in the future the government will have to take on many duties which it has avoided in the past. For these purposes <span style=""> </span>Ministers <span style=""> </span>and Parliament <span style=""> </span>will be unserviceable. <span style=""> </span>Our task must be to decentralise and devolve wherever we can, and in particular to establish semi-independent corporations and organs of administration to which duties of government, new and old, will be <span style=""> </span>entrusted—without, <span style=""> </span>however, <span style=""> </span>impairing <span style=""> </span>the <span style=""> </span>democratic <span style=""> </span>principle <span style=""> </span>or <span style=""> </span>the <span style=""> </span>ultimate sovereignty of Parliament. These questions will be as important and difficult in the future as the franchise and the relations of the two Houses have been in the past.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >The questions which I group together as sex questions have not been party questions in the past. But that was because they were never, or seldom, the subject of public discussion. All this is changed now. There are no subjects about which the big general public is more interested; few which are the subject of wider discussion. They are of the utmost social importance; they cannot help but provoke real and sincere differences of opinion. Some of them are deeply involved in the solution of certain economic questions. I cannot doubt that sex questions are about to enter the political arena. The very crude beginnings represented by the suffrage movement were only symptoms of deeper and more important issues below the surface.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >Birth control and the use of contraceptives, <span style=""> </span>marriage laws, the treatment of sexual offences and abnormalities, the economic position of women, the economic position of the family—in all these matters the existing state of the law and of orthodoxy is still medieval— altogether <span style=""> </span>out <span style=""> </span>of <span style=""> </span>touch <span style=""> </span>with <span style=""> </span>civilised <span style=""> </span>opinion <span style=""> </span>and <span style=""> </span>civilised <span style=""> </span>practice <span style=""> </span>and <span style=""> </span>with <span style=""> </span>what individuals, educated and uneducated alike, say to one another in private. Let no one deceive himself with the idea that the change of opinion on these matters is one which only affects a small educated class on the crust of the human boiling. Let no one suppose that it is the working women who are going to be shocked by ideas of birth control or of divorce reform. For them these things suggest new liberty, emancipation from the most intolerable of tyrannies. A party which would discuss these things openly and wisely at its meetings would discover a new and living interest in the electorate—because <span style=""> </span>politics would be dealing once more with matters about which everyone wants to know and which deeply affect everyone's own life.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >These questions also interlock with economic issues which cannot be evaded. Birth control touches on one side the liberties of women, and on the other side the duty of the State to concern itself with the size of the population just as much as with the size of the army or the amount of the budget. The position of wage-earning women and the project of the family wage affect not only the status of women, the first in the performance of paid work, and the second in the performance of unpaid work, but also raise the whole question whether wages should be fixed by the forces of supply and demand in accordance with the orthodox theories of laissez-faire, or whether we should begin to limit the freedom of those forces by reference to what is ‘fair’ and ‘reasonable’ having regard to all the circumstances.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >Drug questions in this country are practically limited to the drink question; though I should like to include gambling under this head. I expect that the prohibition of alcoholic spirits and of bookmakers would do good. But this would not settle the matter. How far is bored and suffering humanity to be allowed, from time to time, an escape, an excitement, a stimulus, a possibility of change?—that is the important problem. Is it possible to allow reasonable licence, permitted saturnalia, sanctified carnival, in conditions which need ruin neither the health nor the pockets of the roisterers, and will shelter from irresistible temptation the unhappy class who, in America, are called addicts?</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >I must not stay for an answer, but must hasten to the largest of all political questions, which are also those on which I am most qualified to speak—the economic questions.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >An eminent American economist, Professor Commons, who has been one of the first to recognise the nature of the economic transition amidst the early stages of which we are now living, distinguishes three epochs, three economic orders, upon the third of which we are entering.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >The first is the era of scarcity , ‘whether due to inefficiency or to violence, war, custom, or superstition’. In such a period ‘there is the minimum of individual liberty and the maximum of communistic, feudalistic or governmental control through physical coercion’. This was, with brief intervals in exceptional cases, the normal economic state of the world up to (say) the fifteenth or sixteenth century.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >Next comes the era of abundance. ‘In a period of extreme abundance there is the maximum of individual liberty, the minimum of coercive control through government, and individual bargaining takes the place of rationing.’ During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries we fought our way out of the bondage of scarcity into the free air of abundance, and in the nineteenth century this epoch culminated gloriously in the victories of laissez-faire and historic Liberalism. It is not surprising or discreditable that the veterans of the party cast backward glances on that easier age.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >But we are now entering on a third era, which Professor Commons calls the period of stabilisation, and truly characterises as ‘the actual alternative to Marx's communism’. In this period, <span style=""> </span>he <span style=""> </span>says, <span style=""> </span>‘there <span style=""> </span>is <span style=""> </span>a <span style=""> </span>diminution <span style=""> </span>of <span style=""> </span>individual <span style=""> </span>liberty, <span style=""> </span>enforced <span style=""> </span>in <span style=""> </span>part <span style=""> </span>by governmental <span style=""> </span>sanctions, <span style=""> </span>but mainly by economic <span style=""> </span>sanctions <span style=""> </span>through <span style=""> </span>concerted <span style=""> </span>action, whether secret, semi-open, open, or arbitrational, of associations, corporations, unions, and other collective movements of manufacturers, merchants, labourers, farmers, and bankers’.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >The abuses of this epoch in the realms of government are Fascism on the one side and Bolshevism on the other. Socialism offers no middle course, because it also is sprung from the presuppositions of the era of abundance, just as much as laissez-faire individualism and the free play of economic forces, before which latter, almost alone amongst men, the City editors, all bloody and blindfolded, still piteously bow down.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >The transition from economic anarchy to a régime which deliberately aims at controlling and directing economic forces in the interests of social justice and social stability, will present enormous difficulties both technical and political. I suggest, nevertheless, that the true destiny of New Liberalism is to seek their solution.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >It happens that we have before us today, in the position of the coal industry, an object- lesson of the results of the confusion of ideas which now prevails. On the one side the Treasury and the Bank of England are pursuing an orthodox nineteenth-century <span style=""> </span>policy based on the assumption that economic adjustments can and ought to be brought about by the free play of the forces of supply and demand. The Treasury and the Bank of England still believe—or, at any rate, did until a week or two ago—that the things, which would follow on the assumption of free competition and the mobility of capital and labour, actually occur in the economic life of today.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >On the other side, not only the facts, but public opinion also, have moved a long distance away in the direction of Professor Commons’ epoch of stabilisation. The trade unions are strong enough to interfere with the free play of the forces of supply and demand, and public opinion, albeit with a grumble and with more than a suspicion that the trade unions are growing dangerous, supports the trade unions in their main contention that coal-miners ought not to be the victims of cruel economic forces which they never set in motion.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >The idea of the old-world party, that you can, for example, alter the value of money and then leave the consequential adjustments to be brought about by the forces of supply and demand, belongs to the days of fifty or a hundred years ago when trade unions were powerless, and when the economic juggernaut was allowed to crash along the highway of progress without obstruction and even with applause.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >Half the copybook wisdom of our statesmen is based on assumptions which were at one time true, or partly true, but are now less and less true day by day. We have to invent new wisdom for a new age. And in the meantime we must, if we are to do any good, appear unorthodox, troublesome, dangerous, disobedient to them that begat us.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >In the economic field this means, first of all, that we must find new policies and new instruments to adapt and control the working of economic forces, so that they do not intolerably interfere with contemporary ideas as to what is fit and proper in the interests of social stability and social justice.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >It is not an accident that the opening stage of this political struggle, which will last long and take many different forms, should centre about monetary policy. For the most violent interferences with stability and with justice, to which the nineteenth century submitted in due satisfaction of the philosophy of abundance, were precisely those which were brought about by changes in the price level. But the consequences of these changes, particularly when the authorities endeavour to impose them on us in a stronger dose than even the nineteenth <span style=""> </span>century <span style=""> </span>ever swallowed, <span style=""> </span>are intolerable <span style=""> </span>to modern <span style=""> </span>ideas <span style=""> </span>and to modern institutions.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >We have changed, by insensible degrees, our philosophy of economic life, our notions of what is reasonable and what is tolerable; and we have done this without changing our technique or our copybook maxims. </span><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" >Hence our tears and troubles.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" > </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" lang="EN-US" >A party programme must be developed in its details, day by day, under the pressure and the stimulus of actual events; it is useless to define it beforehand, except in the most general terms. </span><span style=";font-family:Tahoma;font-size:10pt;" >But if the Liberal Party is to recover its forces, it must have an attitude, a philosophy, a direction. I have endeavoured to indicate my own attitude to politics, and I leave it to others to answer, in the light of what I have said, the question with which I began—Am I a Liberal?</span></p>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-86266741883592944582010-11-09T13:43:00.002-03:002010-11-09T13:45:59.391-03:00Seminario: "La recepción heideggeriana de Aristóteles. Su significado para la rehabilitación de la filosofía práctica" - Prof. Chiappe - U N Córdoba<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmdZMAY6cxFeuH3Rr6FzN5GdSM3lowPnuWnD2iNYa2Zhe5AFZc5gUBWAG6XLVN3rnn20BDL6BQYM_w6Ei8fFC3pfjIwGVQe6uhCYvZPYGq6QkobVTkBLIPj10LghDnQCD_ONiG0LWZfg79/s1600/149174_155630591146518_100000987330228_273919_7961680_n.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 303px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmdZMAY6cxFeuH3Rr6FzN5GdSM3lowPnuWnD2iNYa2Zhe5AFZc5gUBWAG6XLVN3rnn20BDL6BQYM_w6Ei8fFC3pfjIwGVQe6uhCYvZPYGq6QkobVTkBLIPj10LghDnQCD_ONiG0LWZfg79/s400/149174_155630591146518_100000987330228_273919_7961680_n.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5537592132074114898" border="0" /></a>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-88106480017468068592010-11-09T13:37:00.004-03:002010-11-09T13:41:42.380-03:00X Jornadas Nacionales Agora Philosophica y II Coloquio de Hermenéutica - Mar del Plata - Buenos Aires - 26 y 27 de noviembre<div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="post-header"> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBe6i_TL2LW8pdSMu2Oy9Uik21hNtW45Ql-yv-ZELA8J_q-fiehfjTgYkJsfLATe5ucJyW_OjWCgh7BPXmfhhXooUpO6lCWlugFbETSgAuzbwTddQsz9VM5IxCKHB8q6kxe9TL5hNR2CY/s1600/aficheagora10.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 336px; height: 489px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBe6i_TL2LW8pdSMu2Oy9Uik21hNtW45Ql-yv-ZELA8J_q-fiehfjTgYkJsfLATe5ucJyW_OjWCgh7BPXmfhhXooUpO6lCWlugFbETSgAuzbwTddQsz9VM5IxCKHB8q6kxe9TL5hNR2CY/s400/aficheagora10.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5493537424486937970" border="0" /></a>X JORNADAS NACIONALES AGORA PHILOSOPHICA y<br />II Coloquio de Hermenéutica<br /><span style="font-style: italic;"></span><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">G a d a m e r</span><br />Herencia y relecturas de Verdad y método<br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Mar del Plata, 26 y 27 de noviembre de 2010.</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Instituto Movilizador de Fondos Cooperativos – Hipólito Yrigoyen 1549</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Organiza Asociación Argentina de Investigaciones Éticas – Regional Buenos Aires</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">(AAdIE - BA)</span><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 14.4pt;" align="center"><b><i><u><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size:14pt;" lang="ES-TRAD" >Invitados confirmados</span></u></i></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 14.4pt;" align="center"><b><i><u><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="ES-TRAD"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><br /></span></span></u></i></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 14.4pt;" align="center"><b><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="ES-TRAD">Roberto J. Walton</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 14.4pt;" align="center"><b><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="ES-TRAD">Dina V. Picotti</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 14.4pt;" align="center"><b><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="ES-TRAD">Ricardo Maliandi</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 14.4pt;" align="center"><b><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="ES-TRAD">Graciela Fernández</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 14.4pt;" align="center"><b><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="ES-TRAD">Oscar Esquisabel</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; line-height: 14.4pt;" align="center"><b><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="ES-TRAD">Adrián Bertorello</span></b></p><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><br />El plazo de recepción de RESÚMENES AMPLIADOS vence el 1 de Septiembre de 2010. Los mismos serán evaluados por el Comité Académico de las Jornadas y los dictámenes se comunicarán a los 15 días de su recepción. Los TRABAJOS COMPLETOS se recibirán hasta el 15 de octubre de 2010. Se prevé la publicación de las comunicaciones en ACTAS de<br />formato electrónico (con ISBN).<br /><br />Todos los trabajos deberán referirse, directa o indirectamente, a alguno de los siguientes temas propuestos:<br /><br />-Hermenéutica filosófica<br />-Hermenéutica y Teoría Crítica<br />-La historia de la filosofía en Verdad y Método<br />-Hermenéutica y Filosofía Política<br />-El rol del lenguaje en Verdad y Método<br />-Hermenéutica y Ética<br />-Fenomenología y Hermenéutica de la facticidad<br />-Hermenéutica y Estética<br />-Hermenéutica literaria<br />-Hermenéutica jurídica<br /><br />Las comunicaciones deberán tener un máximo de 2500 palabras (fuente Times New Roman, hoja A4, interlineado 1½, márgenes predeterminados) y estar precedidas de un resumen ampliado de no más de 500 palabras y un breve curriculum vitae (máximo 100 palabras).<br /><br />Inscripción:<br />-Expositores Graduados: $180 (Pago en el evento) –Inscripción anticipada: $130 (Pago antes del 30/10/2010 en Cuenta Bancaria*)<br />- Expositores Miembros de la AAdIE: $100. - Expositores Estudiantes de grado de Universidades Nacionales: $30 (Se solicita presentar libreta de estudiante o certificado de alumno activo)<br />-La asistencia al evento es gratuita<br /><br />*Los datos de la Cuenta Bancaria se proporcionarán en la próxima circular y en la página web.<br />Dirección electrónica para envío de resúmenes, trabajos completos y consultas:<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">jornadasagoramdp@gmail.com<br /><br />Información actualizada:<br /><br />http://jornadasagoramdp.blogspot.com</div></div>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-63474708225186962632010-11-05T18:54:00.002-03:002010-11-05T18:58:59.415-03:00Novedad Editorial - "El coraje de la verdad. El gobierno de sí y de los otros II. Curso en el Collège de France (1983-1944)" - FCE<table style="font-weight: bold;" id="parteA"><tbody><tr><td width="160"><div id="foto"><img id="ctl00_cph_colB_ImageTapa" src="http://www.fce.com.ar/archivos/tapas/227701.jpg" alt="Portada de El coraje de la verdad" style="width: 138px; border-width: 0px;" /> </div> </td> <td valign="top"> <div id="detalles"> <div id="data"> <h3><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_Titulo">EL CORAJE DE LA VERDAD</span></h3> <h4><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_subtitulo">El gobierno de sí y de los otros II. Curso en el Collège de France (1983-1944)</span></h4> <p class="Autor"><a id="ctl00_cph_colB_hl_Autor" class="tipo2" href="http://www.fce.com.ar/ar/autores/autor_detalle.aspx?idAutor=214">Michel Foucault</a></p><br /> <p><strong>Fecha de aparición:</strong> Noviembre 2010</p> <p><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_precioOferta"></span></p> <p> <span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_cantCarrito"></span></p> </div> <div id="linksInternos"> <div><a id="ctl00_cph_colB_hl_indice">Índice</a></div> <div><a id="ctl00_cph_colB_hl_fragmentos" href="http://www.fce.com.ar/ar/libros/detalles.aspx?IDL=6886&utm_medium=Email&utm_source=Newsmaker&utm_campaign=Newsmaker%20-%20anticipos-filosofia%20-%2005-11-2010&utm_content=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.fce.com.ar%252Far%252Flibros%252Fdetalles.aspx%253FIDL%253D6886#fragmentos">Lea un fragmento</a><br /><br /><br /></div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <div style="font-weight: bold;" id="comentario"><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_comentario">El curso <em>El coraje de la verdad</em> es el último que Michel Foucault dictó en el Collège de France, entre febrero y marzo de 1984. Poco tiempo después, el 25 de junio, Foucault murió. Ese contexto invita a escuchar en estas clases un testamento filosófico, tanto más cuanto que el tema de la muerte está muy presente en ellas, sobre todo a través de una relectura de las últimas palabras de Sócrates, "Critón, debemos un gallo a Esculapio", que Foucault, con Georges Dumézil, comprende como la expresión de una profunda gratitud a la filosofía, que cura la única enfermedad grave: la de las opiniones falsas y los prejuicios. Este curso prosigue y radicaliza los análisis llevados a cabo el año anterior en <em>El gobierno de sí y de los otros</em>. Se trataba entonces de examinar la función del "decir veraz" en política, a fin de establecer, para la democracia, una serie de condiciones éticas irreductibles a las reglas formales del consenso: coraje y convicción. Con los cínicos, esa manifestación de la verdad ya no se inscribe simplemente a través de una toma arriesgada de la palabra, sino en el espesor mismo de la existencia. Foucault propone, en efecto, un estudio del cinismo antiguo como filosofía práctica, atletismo de la verdad, provocación pública, soberanía ascética. El escándalo de la verdadera vida se construye a la sazón en oposición al platonismo y su mundo trascendente de Formas inteligibles.</span><br /><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_comentario"></span><br /><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_comentario">"No hay instauración de la verdad sin una postulación esencial de la alteridad; la verdad nunca es lo mismo; sólo puede haber verdad en la forma del otro mundo y la vida otra."</span><br /><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_comentario"></span></div><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_comentario"><br /></span> </div> <div style="font-weight: bold;" id="datosTecnicos"> <p><strong>Colección:</strong> <a id="ctl00_cph_colB_hl_coleccion" href="http://www.fce.com.ar/ar/libros/listado.aspx?cat=c&idCol=29">Sociología</a></p> <p><strong>ISBN: </strong><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_ISBN">9789505578535</span></p> <p><strong>Formato: </strong><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_Formato">15,5 X 23 cm., 401 pp.</span></p> <p><strong>Primera edición: </strong><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_priEdicion">2010</span></p> <p><strong>Última edición: </strong><span id="ctl00_cph_colB_l_ultEdicion">2010</span></p> </div> <div style="font-weight: bold;" id="fragmentos"> <h3><span>Lea un fragmento</span></h3><a name="fragmentos"> </a> <p><a href="http://www.fce.com.ar/ar/sala_lectura/solicitud.aspx?CAP=407&CAT=EP">Advertencia - Clase del 1º de febrero de 1984</a> (130 KB) </p> </div>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-15041635190241879972010-11-04T16:28:00.003-03:002010-11-04T16:40:19.706-03:00Actas del Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía - Mendoza, Argentina, marzo-abril 1949<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Les presentamos una selección de los facsímiles publicados por <a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949arg.htm#sp7">www.filosofía.org</a> sobre el Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía en Argentina (Mendoza, 1949).</span><br /></div><br /><h1 style="font-weight: bold;" class="ac c6 k6">Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía</h1> <h3 style="font-weight: bold;" class="ac c2n k1">Mendoza, Argentina, marzo-abril 1949</h3> <p style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0001.htm"><img src="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949arg1.jpg" alt="Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía, Mendoza 1949" title="Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía, Mendoza 1949" style="width: 152px; height: 300px; padding: 0px; float: left; border: 0pt none;" /><img src="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949arg2.jpg" alt="Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía, Mendoza 1949" title="Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía, Mendoza 1949" style="width: 202px; height: 300px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left; border: 0pt none;" /></a><span style="font-weight: bold;"> En diciembre de 1947 la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo convocó el </span><i style="font-weight: bold;">Primer Congreso Argentino de Filosofía,</i><span style="font-weight: bold;"> «con participación de todos los países hispanohablantes». El 20 de abril de 1948 el Presidente de la Nación Argentina, Juan Domingo Perón, decretó la nacionalización del Congreso, que pasó a denominarse </span><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.filosofia.org/ave/001/a137.htm"><i>Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía.</i></a><span style="font-weight: bold;"> Se celebró en Mendoza, del 30 de marzo al 9 de abril de 1949, y representa un hito imprescindible para entender la consolidación ideológica hispánica de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Por eso el </span><i style="font-weight: bold;">Proyecto Filosofía en español</i><span style="font-weight: bold;"> cree necesario recuperar su memoria y difundir aquellos textos, reproduciendo íntegramente sus </span><i style="font-weight: bold;">Actas.</i></div> <hr style="font-weight: bold;"><h2 style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" id="pa" class="ac c3 fv k7">Actas del Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía<br /><span class="c0">reproducidas en facsímil por el Proyecto Filosofía en español</span></h2> <p style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" class="ac c2n fv k6">Tomo I</p><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a101.htm">Advertencias editoriales,</a> 7</li></ul><p style="font-weight: bold;" class="ac c2n fv"><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0001.htm">Documentos oficiales y autoridades del Congreso</a></p><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a102.htm">Resolución del Rectorado de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo convocando el Primer Congreso Argentino de Filosofía,</a> 11</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a102.htm#2">Decreto del Poder Ejecutivo de nacionalización del Congreso,</a> 12</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a102.htm#3">Comité de Honor,</a> 14</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a102.htm#4">Comité Ejecutivo,</a> 17</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a102.htm#5">Secretaría Técnica,</a> 18</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a102.htm#6">Secretaría de Actas,</a> 18</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a102.htm#7">Secretaría Administrativa,</a> 19</li></ul><p style="font-weight: bold;" class="ac c2n fv"><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0001.htm">Miembros del Congreso</a></p><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a103.htm">Miembros relatores extranjeros,</a> 23</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a103.htm#2">Miembros relatores argentinos,</a> 30</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a103.htm#3">Miembros adherentes activos extranjeros,</a> 38</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a103.htm#4">Miembros adherentes activos argentinos,</a> 40</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a104.htm">† Maurice Blondel,</a> 42</li></ul><p style="font-weight: bold;" class="ac c2n fv"><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0001.htm">Programa de actos y agasajos</a></p><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a105.htm">Programa de actos y agasajos,</a> 43</li></ul><br /><p style="font-weight: bold;" id="pc" class="ac c2n fv"><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0117.htm">Ponencias finales del Congreso</a></p><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a125.htm">Palabras del Señor Rector de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo y Presidente del Comité Ejecutivo del Congreso, Dr. I. Fernando Cruz,</a> 119</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a125.htm#2">Ponencias finales,</a> 119</li></ul><p style="font-weight: bold;" id="pd" class="ac c2n fv"><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0125.htm">Sesión de Clausura</a></p><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a126.htm">Palabras del profesor Alberto Wagner de Reyna <i>(Universidad Católica del Perú),</i> en representación de los miembros extranjeros,</a> 127</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a127.htm">Palabras del Señor Rector de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo y Presidente del Comité Ejecutivo del Congreso, Dr. I. Fernando Cruz,</a> 129</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/mfb/1949a128.htm">Conferencia del Excmo. Señor Presidente de la Nación, General Juan D. Perón,</a> 131</li></ul><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sesiones plenarias</span> </div><p style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" class="ac c2 k7"><br />Primera sesión plenaria<br /><span class="c2n fv kn">La filosofía en la vida del espíritu</span><br /><span class="c2 fv kn">1º de abril de 1949</span></p><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0193.htm">Nimio de Anquín <i>(Universidad Nacional de Córdoba),</i> Filosofía y Religión,</a> 197</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0212.htm">Ernesto Grassi <i>(Universitäten Zürich und München),</i> La filosofia nella tradizione umanistica,</a> 212</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0221.htm">Luis Juan Guerrero <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> Escenas de la vida estética,</a> 221</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0242.htm">Charles de Koninck <i>(Université Laval, Québec),</i> La notion marxiste et la notion aristotélicienne de contingence,</a> 242</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0248.htm">Angel Vassallo <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> Subjetividad y trascendencia. Sobre la esencia de la filosofía,</a> 248</li></ul><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Tercera sesión plenaria</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="c2n fv kn">El existencialismo</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="c2 fv kn">4 de abril de 1949</span></div><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0337.htm">Nicola Abbagnano (Università degli Studi di Torino), L'esistenzialismo nella filosofía contemporanea,</a> 339</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0349.htm">Carlos Astrada <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> El existencialismo, filosofía de nuestra época,</a> 349</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0359.htm">Hernán Benítez <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> La existencia auténtica,</a> 359</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0390.htm">Karl Löwith <i>(Hartford Theological Seminary),</i> Background and Problem of Existentialism, 390. Traducción: Trasfondo y problemas del existencialismo,</a> 399</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0408.htm">Gabriel Marcel <i>(París),</i> Le primat de l'existentiel. Sa portée étique et religieuse,</a> 408</li></ul><p style="font-weight: bold;" id="s4" class="ac c2 k7"><br /></p><div style="text-align: center;">Cuarta sesión plenaria<br /><span class="c2n fv kn">La filosofía contemporánea</span><br /><span class="c2 fv kn">Informes sobre direcciones filosóficas</span><br /><span class="c2 fv kn">actuales en diferentes países</span><br /><span class="c2 fv kn">5 de abril de 1949</span></div><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0417.htm">Ramón Ceñal Lorente <i>(Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas de Madrid),</i> La filosofía española contemporánea,</a> 419</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0442.htm">Jean Hyppolite <i>(Sorbonne, Paris),</i> Du bergsonisme à l'existentialisme,</a> 442</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0456.htm">Gustav E. Mueller <i>(University of Oklahoma),</i> North-American Philosophy, 456. Traducción: La filosofía norteamericana,</a> 469</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0480.htm">Luis Pareyson <i>(Universidad Nacional de Cuyo),</i> La filosofía italiana contemporánea,</a> 480</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0493.htm">Wilhelm Szilasi <i>(Universität Freiburg i. Br.),</i> La philosophie allemande actuelle,</a> 493</li></ul><p style="font-weight: bold;" id="s5" class="ac c2 k7"><br /></p><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">Quinta sesión plenaria<br /><span class="c2n fv kn">La filosofía y la ciudad humana</span><br /><span class="c2 fv kn">6 de abril de 1949</span></div><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0503.htm">Gaston Berger <i>(Université d'Aix-Marseille),</i> Le philosophe et la société,</a> 505</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0515.htm">L. L. Bernard <i>(Pennsylvania State College),</i> The Changing Pattern of Social Philosophy in the United States in the Period of the Republic, 515. Traducción: La configuración cambiante de la filosofía social en los Estados Unidos durante el período de la república,</a> 526</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0535.htm">José Corts Grau <i>(Universidad de Valencia),</i> Comunidad y multitud,</a> 535</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0547.htm">Carlos Cossio <i>(Universidad Nacional de La Plata),</i> La filosofía y la ciudad humana,</a> 547</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0551.htm">Ugo Spirito <i>(Università di Roma),</i> Individualità e collettività,</a> 551</li></ul><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Tomo II</span> </div><p style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" class="ac c2n fv">Sesiones particulares</p><div style="text-align: center;"> </div><p style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" class="ac c2n k7"><br />I<br /><span class="fv kn">Metafísica</span></p><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0641.htm">Nicola Abbagnano <i>(Università degli Studi di Torino),</i> Il possibile e il virtuale,</a> 643</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0649.htm">Rodolfo Mario Agoglia <i>(Universidad Nacional de La Plata),</i> La actualidad de la doctrina platónica del ser,</a> 649</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0655.htm">Carlos Astrada <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> Relación del ser con la ec-sistencia,</a> 655</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0660.htm">Carlos Astrada <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> La metafísica de la infinitud como resultado de la «ilusión trascendental»,</a> 660</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0666.htm">Andrés Avelino <i>(Universidad de Santo Domingo),</i> El problema antinómico fundamental de la metafísica,</a> 666</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0675.htm">Donald Brinkmann <i>(Universität Zürich),</i> Das Transzendenzsproblem und seine Surrogatlösungen, 675. Traducción: El problema de la trascendencia y sus soluciones sucedáneas,</a> 691</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/ave/001/a314.htm">Manuel Gonzalo Casas</a> <i>(Gymnasium Universitario de Tucumán),</i> <a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0703.htm">Problemas y precisiones del pensar teológico,</a> 703</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0714.htm">José María de Estrada <i>(Universidad Nacional de La Plata),</i> El hombre: su naturaleza e historicidad,</a> 714</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0723.htm">Cornelio Fabro <i>(Università di Roma),</i> Essere e esistenza,</a> 723</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0729.htm">Liutprando Filippi <i>(Università di Roma),</i> La persona umana sotto l'aspetto ontologico,</a> 729</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0733.htm">Eugen Fink <i>(Universität Freiburg i. Br.),</i> Zum Problem der ontologischen Erfahrung, 733. Traducción: El problema de la experiencia ontológica,</a> 741</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0748.htm">Clarence Finlayson <i>(Universidad Central, Caracas),</i> El problema de la muerte desde el punto de vista de la metafísica,</a> 748</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0757.htm">Angel González Alvarez <i>(Universidad de Murcia),</i> La estructura entitativa del hombre,</a> 757</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0767.htm">Augusto Guzzo <i>(Università degli Studi di Torino),</i> La persona umana,</a> 767</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0782.htm">Nicolai Hartmann <i>(Universität Göttingen),</i> Alte und neue Ontologie, 782. Traducción: Vieja y nueva ontología,</a> 787</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0792.htm">Jesús Iturrioz <i>(Facultad de Filosofía, Oña),</i> Lo finito y la nada,</a> 792</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0798.htm">Jesús Iturrioz <i>(Facultad de Filosofía, Oña),</i> Existencia tomista y subsistencia suareziana,</a> 798</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0805.htm">Ludwig Klages <i>(Seminar für Ausdruckskunde, Zürich),</i> Wahrheit und Wirklichkeit, 805. Traducción: Verdad y realidad,</a> 816</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0825.htm">Louis Lavelle <i>(Collège de France, Paris),</i> La relation de l'esprit et du monde,</a> 825</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0830.htm">Antonio Millán Puelles <i>(Instituto de Albacete, Universidad de Murcia),</i> Para una interpretación del ente de Parménides,</a> 830</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0833.htm">Severo Reynoso Sánchez <i>(Universidad Nacional de Córdoba),</i> El tema cristiano en la filosofía de la religión,</a> 833</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0840.htm">Delfim Santos <i>(Universidade de Lisboa),</i> Da ambigüidade na metafísica,</a> 840</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0847.htm">Wilhelm Szilasi <i>(Universität Freiburg i. Br.),</i> Ontologie et expérience,</a> 847</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0854.htm">José Todolí <i>(Universidad Central de Madrid),</i> La dimensión religiosa del hombre,</a> 854</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0858.htm">José V. Torres <i>(Universidad Nacional de Córdoba),</i> El primado de la temporalidad. Valoración y desvaloración metafísica del tiempo,</a> 858</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0865.htm">José Vasconcelos <i>(Biblioteca de México),</i> La filosofía de la coordinación,</a> 865</li></ul><p style="font-weight: bold;" id="sp2" class="ac c2n k7"><br /></p><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">II<br /><span class="fv kn">Situación actual de la filosofía</span></div><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0871.htm">Robert Aron <i>(París),</i> Présence de la philosophie,</a> 873</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0878.htm">Gaston Berger <i>(Université d'Aix-Marseille),</i> Les discussions des philosophes,</a> 878</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0884.htm">Maurice Blondel <i>(Université d'Aix-Marseille),</i> Le devoir intégral de la philosophie,</a> 884</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0890.htm">Walter Cerf <i>(Brooklyn College),</i> Logical Positivism and Existentialism, 890. Traducción: Positivismo lógico y existencialismo,</a> 900</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0909.htm">Benedetto Croce <i>(Napoli),</i> La filosofia come storicismo,</a> 909</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0915.htm">Jean Hyppolite <i>(Sorbonne, Paris),</i> Vie et philosophie de l'histoire chez Bergson,</a> 915</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0922.htm">Karl Jaspers <i>(Universität Basel),</i> Die Situation der Philosophie heute, 922. Traducción: Situación actual de la filosofía,</a> 927</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0931.htm">René Le Senne <i>(Sorbonne, Paris),</i> La science de l'homme et la philosophie,</a> 931</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0936.htm">Julián Marías <i>(Instituto de Humanidades, Madrid),</i> La razón en la filosofía actual,</a> 936</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0943.htm">Diamantino Martins <i>(Faculdade de Filosofia de Braga),</i> Valor humano da filosofia. Uma introdução,</a> 943</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0950.htm">Hernán Zucchi <i>(Universidad Nacional de Tucumán),</i> Sobre lo sistemático en filosofía,</a> 950</li></ul><p style="font-weight: bold;" id="sp3" class="ac c2n k7"><br /></p><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">III<br /><span class="fv kn">Filosofía de la existencia</span></div><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0959.htm">Nimio de Anquín <i>(Universidad Nacional de Córdoba),</i> Derelicti sumus in mundo,</a> 959</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0968.htm">Gaston Berger<i> (Universitè d'Aix-Marseille),</i> L'homme et ses limites,</a> 968</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0974.htm">Otto Friedrich Bollnow<i> (Universität Mainz),</i> Existentialismus und Ethik,</a> 974. Traducción: Existencialismo y ética, 987</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a0998.htm">Walter Bröcker <i>(Universität Kiel),</i> Über die geschichtliche Notwendigkeit der Heideggerschen Philosophie, 998. Traducción: Sobre la necesidad histórica de la filosofía de Heidegger,</a> 1004</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1009.htm">Ramón Ceñal Lorente <i>(Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas de Madrid),</i> El problema de la verdad en Heidegger, 1009</a></li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1015.htm">Marie-Madeleine Davy <i>(París),</i> La notion de curiosité du point de vue de l'existentialisme (Heidegger-Sartre),</a> 1015</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1020.htm">Marie-Madeleine Davy <i>(París),</i> Phénoménologie du mysticisme,</a> 1020</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1025.htm">Hans Georg Gadamer <i>(Johann-Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt),</i> Die Grenzen der historischen Vernunft, 1025. Traducción: Los límites de la razón histórica,</a> 1030</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1034.htm">Paul Häberlin <i>(Universität Basel),</i> Philosophische Anthropologie, 1034. Traducción: Antropología filosófica, </a> 1040</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1045.htm">Charles de Koninck <i>(Université Laval, Québec),</i> La nature de l'homme et son être historique,</a> 1045</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1050.htm">Ludwig Landgrebe <i>(Universität Kiel),</i> Sartre's Existenzialismus und seine geschichtliche Herkunft, 1050. Traducción: El existencialismo de Sartre y su genealogía histórica,</a> 1055</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1059.htm">Gabriel Marcel <i>(Paris),</i> Réflexion et mystère,</a> 1059</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1063.htm">Adolfo Muñoz Alonso <i>(Universidad de Murcia),</i> Acerca de Dios trascendente,</a> 1063</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1070.htm">Luis E. Nieto Arteta <i>(Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá),</i> La persona humana y la vida,</a> 1070</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1079.htm">Luis Pareyson <i>(Universidad Nacional de Cuyo),</i> Sobre el concepto de persona,</a> 1079</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1084.htm">Ismael Quiles <i>(Facultades de Filosofía y Teología, San Miguel),</i> La proyección final del existencialismo. El in-sistencialismo. Valoración de la filosofía existencial a través de sus últimas exigencias,</a> 1084</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1090.htm">Ugo Spirito <i>(Università di Roma),</i> Il problematicismo,</a> 1090</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1094.htm">Miguel Angel Virasoro <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> Existencia y dialéctica,</a> 1094</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1100.htm">Rafael Virasoro <i>(Santa Fe),</i> El problema moral en la filosofía de Heidegger,</a> 1100</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1106.htm">Alberto Wagner de Reyna <i>(Universidad Católica del Perú),</i> La muerte: posibilidad decisiva y decisoria de la vida,</a> 1106</li></ul><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">IX</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="fv kn">Filosofía de la historia, la cultura y la sociedad</span></div><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1657.htm">Alberto Baldrich <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> Libertad y determinismo en el advenimiento de la sociedad política argentina,</a> 1657</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1672.htm">Fortunato Brancatisano <i>(Reggio Calabria),</i> Personalitá e Storicismo. Da Hegel a Marx,</a> 1672</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1686.htm">A. Carneiro Leão <i>(Universidade do Brasil),</i> A área cultural e a tendência crescente para o internacionalismo,</a> 1686</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1691.htm">Harold E. Davis <i>(The American University, Washington),</i> The Meaning of America in History, 1691. Traducción: El significado de América en la historia,</a> 1695</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1700.htm">Karl Löwith <i>(Hartford Theological Seminary),</i> The Theological Implications of the Philosophy of History, 1700. Traducción: Implicaciones teológicas de la filosofía de la historia,</a> 1705</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1710.htm">José Enrique Miguens <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> Acontecimiento y actuación en el estudio de la realidad social,</a> 1710</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1717.htm">María Delia Gatica de Montiveros <i>(Universidad Nacional de Cuyo), </i>El lenguaje y la cultura,</a> 1717</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1728.htm">Leopoldo Eulogio Palacios <i>(Universidad Central de Madrid),</i> La ideología de Bonald,</a> 1728</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1735.htm">Juan Pichon-Rivière <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> Distingo entre persona y personalidad. La persona, propiamente dicha, y sus propiedades y accidentes desde el punto de vista sociológico,</a> 1735</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1741.htm">César E. Pico <i>(Universidad Nacional de La Plata),</i> Los usos, causa formal de la sociedad. Sumaria exposición y justificación de la tesis de Ortega,</a> 1741</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1757.htm">Alfredo Poviña <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> La idea sociológica de «comunidad»,</a> 1757</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1764.htm">Julio E. Soler Miralles <i>(Universidad Nacional de Cuyo),</i> Ubicación de la sociología y carácter de su enseñanza,</a> 1764</li></ul><br /><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">XI<br /><span class="fv kn">Filosofía del derecho y la política</span></div><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1847.htm">Enrique R. Aftalión <i>(Universidad Nacional de La Plata),</i> Motivos y fines en el conocimiento por comprensión de la conducta. Con especiales referencias al saber de los juristas,</a> 1847</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1854.htm">Robert Aron <i>(París),</i> Recherche d'une dialectique pour les Etats-Unis d'Europe,</a> 1854</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1863.htm">Vicente Ferreira da Silva <i>(São Paulo),</i> Teoria da solidão,</a> 1863</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1867.htm">Alfredo Fragueiro <i>(Universidad Nacional de Córdoba),</i> De las causas del derecho. Ensayo metafísico,</a> 1867</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1874.htm">Ernesto Grassi <i>(Universitäten Zürich und München),</i> Il concetto di «realismo político»,</a> 1874</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1882.htm">Juan M. Hernández de Gurmendi <i>(San Sebastián),</i> Algunos aspectos de la pena en Nietzsche,</a> 1882</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1886.htm">Miguel Herrera Figueroa <i>(Universidad Nacional de Tucumán),</i> Aspectos filosóficos de la criminología,</a> 1886</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1892.htm">Otto E. Langfelder <i>(Buenos Aires),</i> El ente y la esencia del derecho,</a> 1892</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1898.htm">Julio Meinvielle <i>(Buenos Aires),</i> El problema de la persona y la ciudad,</a> 1898</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1908.htm">Enrique B. Pita <i>(Instituto Superior de Filosofia de Buenos Aires),</i> Lo esencial y lo accidental del derecho de propiedad según la filosofía católica,</a> 1908</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1913.htm">Jorge R. Tagle <i>(Universidad Nacional de Córdoba),</i> Afinidades ontológicas entre el ser y el deber ser del derecho,</a> 1913</li></ul><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">XII</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="fv kn">Historia de la filosofía</span></div><ul style="font-weight: bold;"><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1921.htm">María Mercedes Bergadá <i>(Buenos Aires),</i> El aporte de Francisco Suárez a la filosofía moderna,</a> 1921</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1927.htm">Joaquim de Carvalho <i>(Universidade de Coimbra),</i> Pedro da Fonseca, precursor de Suarez na renovação da metafísica,</a> 1927</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1931.htm">Arturo Conte <i>(Liceo Scientifico di Aquila),</i> Una filosofia senza nome,</a> 1931</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1938.htm">Galvano della Volpe <i>(Universitá di Messina),</i> Sulla genesi aristotelica della «contraddizione»,</a> 1938</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1944.htm">Galvano della Volpe <i>(Universitá di Messina),</i> La critica aristotélica della «diairesi» platonica,</a> 1944</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1950.htm">Emilio Estiú <i>(Universidad Nacional de La Plata),</i> La influencia de Kant en la autonomía del conocimiento filosófico,</a> 1950</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1956.htm">María Teresa Gramajo <i>(Universidad Nacional de Tucumán),</i> El ideal de santidad en San Juan de la Cruz,</a> 1956</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1963.htm">Mariano Iberico <i>(Universidad Mayor de San Marcos, Lima),</i> Concepto y sentido de la claridad en la filosofía del siglo XVII (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz),</a> 1963</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1968.htm">Roger Labrousse <i>(Universidad Nacional de Tucumán),</i> Libre albedrío tomista y siervo albedrío luterano,</a> 1968</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1975.htm">A. A. Luce <i>(University of Dublin),</i> A Passage from one of Berkeley's Letters, 1975. Traducción: Un pasaje de una de las cartas de Berkeley,</a> 1979</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1984.htm">Agustín Martínez <i>(Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago),</i> Historia y vida según San Agustín,</a> 1984</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a1988.htm">Rodolfo Mondolfo <i>(Universidad Nacional de Tucumán),</i> El hombre como sujeto espiritual en la filosofía antigua,</a> 1988</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a2005.htm">Gustav E. Mueller (University of Oklahoma), The Platonic Aristotle, 2005. Traducción: El Aristóteles platónico,</a> 2014</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a2022.htm">Benito R. Raffo Magnasco <i>(Universidad Nacional de La Plata),</i> Bien común y política en la concepción filosófica de Santo Tomás de Aquino,</a> 2022</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a2033.htm">Michele Federico Sciacca <i>(Università di Genova),</i> I due idealismi,</a> 2033</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a2041.htm">Luis M. Seligmann Silva <i>(Universidad Nacional de Cuyo),</i> Tradición de los primitivos y filosofía griega,</a> 2041</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a2050.htm">Severiano Tavares <i>(Faculdade de Filosofia de Braga),</i> Francisco Sanches e o problema da certeza,</a> 2050</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a2057.htm">Gastón Terán <i>(Universidad de Buenos Aires),</i> Boecio, filósofo medieval,</a> 2057</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a2061.htm">Uldarico Urrutia <i>(Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá),</i> Contribución al esclarecimiento de la genuina sentencia de Platón sobre las ideas,</a> 2061</li><li><a href="http://www.filosofia.org/aut/003/m49a2065.htm">María Eugenia Valentié <i>(Universidad Nacional de Tucumán),</i> Leibniz a través de Dilthey,</a> 2065</li></ul><br /><p style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" class="ac c2n">Universidad Nacional de Cuyo</p><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" class="ac c3 fv k7">Actas del Primer Congreso Nacional de Filosofía</p><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" class="ac c2n k1">Mendoza • Argentina • Marzo 30 – Abril 9, 1949<br /></p><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-19591852408238482412010-11-04T16:14:00.004-03:002010-11-04T16:28:00.943-03:00Filosofía Contemporánea<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><a href="http://filosofiacontemporanea.wordpress.com/"><span style="font-size:130%;">Filosofía Contemporánea</span></a> es un blog que desde fines de 2006 se dedica "a anotaciones y referencias a la actualidad filosófica contemporánea, herramientas útiles para estudiantes e investigadores, referencias bibliográficas, y artículos varios de interés". Pero esta sucinta descripción del autor no agota su contenido y utilidad. En él no sólo se reseñan y comentan cuidadosamente numerosos y relevantes pasajes filosóficos sino que además difunde actividades relacionadas con la Filosofía Contemporánea en todo el mundo y publica los últimos artículos de prestigiosas revistas internacionales.</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">Allí también podrán encontrar recensiones sobre novedades bibliográficas.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Dedicamos este post a Filosofía Contemporánea ya que a través de su última publicación sobre Taubes nos hemos encontrado con buena parte de las Actas del Primer Congreso de Filosofía en Argentina (Mendoza, 1949) y queremos compartir esta interesante fuente de reflexiones con nuestros lectores.</span><br /></div><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Saludos a Filosofía Contemporánea y nuestra sincera recomendación. </span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">http://filosofiacontemporanea.wordpress.com/</span>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-73705242382364720162010-11-04T16:07:00.004-03:002010-11-04T16:11:23.581-03:00Novedad Editorial - "Lo que quiero es comprender" - Hannah Arendt - Editorial Trotta<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIdOM5xr17Bpz_dvvI_HZS4KgPNOuUikx7h1xCTBnSg4YQrwjJaR8TcY_mduWGe7e7ovSfIcBDNui9wS78FMf61UBlLk588ydd6ljKb-MvtvqoPpc1B4nW8P6TcaMFkk0wzQ02-jfhTovr/s1600/9618.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 192px; height: 298px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIdOM5xr17Bpz_dvvI_HZS4KgPNOuUikx7h1xCTBnSg4YQrwjJaR8TcY_mduWGe7e7ovSfIcBDNui9wS78FMf61UBlLk588ydd6ljKb-MvtvqoPpc1B4nW8P6TcaMFkk0wzQ02-jfhTovr/s400/9618.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5535773831917972530" border="0" /></a> <div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" class="autor"><span style="font-size:180%;"><a href="http://www.trotta.es/pagina.php?cs_id_pagina=15&cs_id_contenido=27090">Hannah Arendt</a><br /><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"> </div><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-family: trebuchet ms;" class="titulo"><span style="font-size:180%;">Lo que quiero es comprender</span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-family: trebuchet ms;"> </div><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: trebuchet ms;" class="subtitulo"><span style="font-size:180%;">Sobre mi vida y mi obra</span></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><br /><br />Hannah Arendt no escribió una autobiografía, ni tampoco dejó cuadernos de notas al efecto. Además, le arredraba la idea de proyectar una imagen pública de sí misma. Pero al tiempo que su nombre ha ido adquiriendo notoriedad y unas cuantas tesis y citas, entresacadas de su obra, quedaban elevadas a la categoría de lugares comunes, la obra original se ha visto progresivamente relegada, y su autora sometida a un proceso de estilización. La «auténtica» Hannah Arendt resulta más bien desconocida para el público y, según pasa el tiempo, parecería incluso que lo que se cuenta de ella es más bien fruto de la ignorancia que del conocimiento.<br /><br />¿Quién era, quién es Hannah Arendt? La presente obra se dirige a todos aquellos que, aguijoneados por esta curiosidad, se hacen esta pregunta. Dejando que Hannah Arendt se presente a sí misma, se propone responder a esa inquietud llamando la atención sobre la imagen que Arendt tenía de sí misma y sobre lo que realmente escribió.<br /><br />La primera parte recoge entrevistas y documentos que pueden ser leídos como «respuestas a cuestiones sobre su persona y su obra». Entre ellos se incluye la famosa carta a Gershom Scholem, que contiene una respuesta insuperable, por su brevedad y resolución, a las críticas que Scholem dirigió a su persona y a sus posiciones políticas, lo que la convierte en un testimonio esencial sobre sí misma. La segunda parte es una selección de fragmentos de las cartas de Arendt a Karl y Gertrud Jaspers, donde trata del «ser-judía», de sus obras y de diversos temas de la vida. Por último, no sólo se incorpora una bibliografía completa, cronológicamente ordenada y comentada, de la obra de Hannah Arendt, sino que se da también la correspondiente bibliografía de Arendt en español, elaborada en consonancia con el aparato bibliográfico original, todo lo cual convierte a la presente edición en una herramienta de consulta fundamental.<br /><br /><div class="details"> <div class="coleccion">Colección: <a href="http://www.trotta.es/pagina.php?cs_id_pagina=11&cs_id_contenido=649">Estructuras y Procesos. Filosofía</a></div> ISBN: 978-84-9879-181-5<br /> Año de edición: 2010<br /> Dimensiones: 14 x 23 cm<br /> Número de páginas: 304<br /> Encuadernación: Rústica <div class="precio">Precio: 22,00 €</div> </div><br /></div>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-15135759928166269752010-11-03T23:20:00.005-03:002010-11-03T23:26:13.212-03:002do. Coloquio Internacional de Filosofía Política, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:180%;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold;">2do. Coloquio Internacional de Filosofía Política</span><strong style="font-weight: bold;"><strong></strong></strong><br /><strong style="font-weight: bold;"><strong></strong></strong><br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><strong style="font-weight: bold;"><strong><span style="font-family: verdana;">“Derecho y justicia en el pluralismo y la globalización”</span></strong></strong><br /><strong style="font-weight: bold;"><strong><span style="font-family: verdana;">3 y 4 de noviembre</span></strong></strong><br /><strong style="font-weight: bold;"><strong></strong></strong><br /><strong style="font-weight: bold;"><strong><span style="font-family: verdana;">Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos - México</span></strong></strong></span></span><br /><strong><strong></strong></strong></div><h2 style="text-align: center;"><br /></h2><h2 style="text-align: center;"><strong><strong><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSUh59hVQ1BniTzIhfS3vTTlAmIV_BzIoTV5P6miGm_X9UgrlBXXOZxwlCWxKcBG8Xoj8wltyzcI2Hs7OlPsbtmNCdb3-UwFIKHBlYRFAbAGRQZuHWgD19YaVX-pi982sbXiV38Vs1d4co/s1600/Cartel_2do_coloquio_3.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 269px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSUh59hVQ1BniTzIhfS3vTTlAmIV_BzIoTV5P6miGm_X9UgrlBXXOZxwlCWxKcBG8Xoj8wltyzcI2Hs7OlPsbtmNCdb3-UwFIKHBlYRFAbAGRQZuHWgD19YaVX-pi982sbXiV38Vs1d4co/s400/Cartel_2do_coloquio_3.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5535514257577538114" border="0" /></a></strong></strong></h2><br /><table class="MsoTableGrid" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr style="height: 30.35pt;"><td style="border-color: black black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">2do. COLOQUIO INTERNACIONAL DE FILOSOFÍA POLÍTICA</span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">Derecho y justicia en el pluralismo y la globalización</span></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">Noviembre 3 y 4 de 2010</span></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">Auditorio “César Carrizales” </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">Planta baja de la Torre de Rectoría, Campus Norte de la UAEM.</span></span></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><br /></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-CO">PROGRAMACIÓN</span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-CO">MIÉRCOLES 3 DE NOVIEMBRE</span></b></span></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">9:30am. – 12:00pm.</span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-CO">SESIÓN 1</span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">Apertura</span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX"> 9:30 am.</span></b></span><span lang="ES-MX"></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">1. La Filosofía política como hermenéutica analógica de la justicia</span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">.</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"> Mg Arístides Obando Cabezas. Universidad del Cauca. Colombia</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">2. Enfoque del Jusnaturalismo y el Juspositivismo a la justicia en México</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">. Dr. Álvaro Guadarrama González. UAEM.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">3. Paz global y Estado constitucional.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"> Dr. Juan de Dios González y Mtro. José Luis Díaz Salazar. UAEM/CIDHEM, México.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">12:00am. – 12:15pm.</span></b><span lang="ES-MX"></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-CO">RECESO DE 15 MINUTOS</span></b></span></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 21.4pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 21.4pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">12:15pm. – 2:15pm</span></b></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 21.4pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">SESIÓN 2</span></b></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 34.45pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 34.45pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 34.45pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">1. Bioética, globalización y pluralismo. Autonomía individual o justicia social. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">Dr. Erick Valdés Meza .Georgetown University. EE.UU.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">2. Justicia y autonomía en la práctica clínica mexicana.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"> Dr. Adalberto de Hoyos. Becario Postdoctorado, IMSS – UNAM, México.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 20.1pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 20.1pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">2:15pm – 4:00pm.</span></b></span><span lang="ES-MX"></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 20.1pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">RECESO DE 105 MINUTOS</span></b><span style="font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"></span></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 22pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 22pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">4:00pm. – 6:00pm.</span></b></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 22pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">SESIÓN 3</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"> <b>Globalización y Justicia social: El derecho a no tener hambre en la perspectiva de Amartya Sen.</b> Dr. Carlos Alfredo Sánchez Mafla. Universidad Libre, Colombia.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">2. La ética y la moral en la política contemporánea. Una interpretación de “El futuro de la naturaleza humana hacia una eugenesia liberal” de Habermas.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"> Dr. Gabriel Díaz Garcilaso. Universidad de Quintana Roo, México.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"> <b>Multiculturalismo y Justicia en la obra de Villoro.</b> Lic. Edward Javier Ordoñez. Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. México.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><br /></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">JUEVES 4 DE NOVIEMBRE</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 20.55pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 20.55pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">10:00am – 12:00am.</span></b></span><span lang="ES-MX"></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 20.55pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">SESIÓN 4</span></b></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">1. Justicia política y ciudadanía materialmente diferenciada.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"> Mg Arístides Obando Cabezas. Universidad del Cauca, Colombia.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">2. Identidad y reconocimiento. Una revisión desde la perspectiva de Charles Taylor</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">. Mtro. Giovanni Mafiol. Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">3. El sentido de la política. Una interpretación a partir de Hannah Arendt.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"> Pasante de Lic. Adrián Fuentes González. UAEM, México.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">12:00pm. – 12:15pm.</span></b></span><span lang="ES-MX"></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">RECESO DE 15 MINUTOS</span></b></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">12:15am. – 12:15pm.</span></b></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">SESIÓN 5</span></b></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">1. Una interpretación en clave analógica a la practica educativa: la política de control al servicio de un Estado evaluativo.<i> </i></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">Dr. Fernando Monroy Dávila. Benemérita Escuela de Maestros de México, México.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">2. Problematizando a la educación intercultural. Hacia una hermenéutica basada en la diferencia del otro en el estudio de la interculturalidad en nuestro tiempo.</span></b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"> </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">Mtra. Beatriz Pacheco. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. México.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">2:15pm -4:00pm.</span></b></span><span lang="ES-MX"></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">RECESO DE 105 MINUTOS</span></b></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US">4:00pm. – 6:00pm. </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US">SESIÓN 6</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US">PRESENTACIÓN DE LIBROS</span></b></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 30.35pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 30.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US">-Critique of Globalized Reason: An Ethics for the Post-Enlightened Era</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US">, Alemania, VDM Verlag Dr. Muller, 2010.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US">Autor: Dr. Erick Valdés Meza. </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">-República y Leyes, neoliberalismo y globalización: dos paradigmas en el ámbito educativo.</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO"> Editorial Universidad Pedagógica Nacional. </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="ES-CO">Autor: Dra. Jeannette Escalera Bourillon.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><i><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US">-</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US">Bioethics for a Technological World</span></b></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US"><i><b>,</b></i> Alemania, VDM Verlag Dr. Muller, 2009.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;">Autor: Dr. Erick Valdés Meza. </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 26.8pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 26.8pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="EN-US">6:00 pm.</span></b></span><span lang="EN-US"></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 26.8pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US">CLAUSURA</span></b></div></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 34.95pt;"> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt; height: 34.95pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.6pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 34.95pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 226.25pt;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">Invitan: </span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";" lang="ES-MX">De Filosofía y Filósofos; Programa radiofónico de Filosofía y El Departamento de Filosofía, Área de Ética y Filosofía Política, de la Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM).</span></b></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-72946754580427964302010-11-03T20:26:00.005-03:002010-11-03T20:32:45.993-03:00Novedad Editorial "Elementos Filosóficos. Del Ciudadano" Thomas Hobbes - Hydra Editorial - Presentación en el Centro Cultural Ricardo Rojas - UBA<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbdokOiBJOxsUIGVftK5mS6w2NxwPGZGVmmFvcc5lWHSNnMjkSRW_0X8J_X1LzU0lbPqLnIT1xu77p85eUZrkPhqL7lFSvAlm_8c7hBkfvE9ord-luGzs7HBO1aYRCTkm4H4qtSepfx3qd/s1600/hobbes2.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 297px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbdokOiBJOxsUIGVftK5mS6w2NxwPGZGVmmFvcc5lWHSNnMjkSRW_0X8J_X1LzU0lbPqLnIT1xu77p85eUZrkPhqL7lFSvAlm_8c7hBkfvE9ord-luGzs7HBO1aYRCTkm4H4qtSepfx3qd/s400/hobbes2.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5535469753877282754" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><table style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; font-weight: bold;" width="475" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="texto16" valign="middle" align="left" height="110"><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><span class="texto7">Presentación del libro “Del ciudadano”</span><br /><span class="texto6">de Thomas Hobbes (Editorial Hydra)</span></span> <span style="font-size:130%;"><br /><strong>Jueves 4 de Noviembre a las 19.30 hs</strong></span> <span style="font-size:130%;"><br /><strong> </strong>Auditorio</span> <span style="font-size:130%;"><strong> </strong>Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo<br /> Capacidad: 70 localidades<br /> Entrada:<strong> </strong>gratuita</span><span class="texto7"><br /> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#c31983"><img src="http://www.rojas.uba.ar/img/transparent.gif" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> </tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;" class="texto16b">La presentación estará a cargo de José Luis Álvarez López (Centro Cultural Ricardo Rojas-UBA) y Sebastián Abad (Facultad de Filosofía y Letras-UBA). Asimismo, participarán como panelistas los profesores Jorge E. Dotti (Facultad de Filosofía y Letras-UBA) y Andrés Rosler (Facultad de Filosofía y Letras-UBA). </p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;">El libro <strong><em>Del ciudadano</em></strong><em>, </em>como comúnmente se lo conoce, aunque originalmente pensado como parte de una obra mayor, se publica por separado en 1642. El contexto político de aquel momento obligaba a publicarlo antes de lo previsto. Este dato nos advierte que Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) despliega sus argumentos en el marco de una disputa por la conquista del sentido de términos como «pueblo», «persona» y «libertad» contra el sentido común republicano de la política. El autor expone a lo largo de este texto aquellas categorías de la reflexión política que quedarían para el resto de la historia de la filosofía cargadas de sentido hobbesiano: <em>Estado</em>, <em>soberanía, obligación política </em>y<em> derecho natural.</em> </p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"><strong><em>Del ciudadano</em></strong> se presenta al público traducido y prologado por el Dr. Andrés Rosler, Profesor Titular de la Cátedra de Filosofía del Derecho de la Universidad de Buenos Aires y Doctor en Filosofía por la Universidad de Oxford. Destacado estudioso de la obra de Hobbes, Rosler ha publicado numerosos escritos donde analiza la naturaleza del conflicto político y su relación con el derecho</p><div style="text-align: justify; font-weight: bold;"> <strong><br />La editorial</strong><br /><br /> <em>Hydra</em>, joven editorial argentina con sede en Buenos Aires que inició sus actividades en el año 2009, publica obras de las áreas de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. La editorial busca poner a disposición del público hispanoparlante obras fundamentales del pensamiento político, con el objetivo de fomentar y enriquecer la discusión de problemas filosóficos, políticos y culturales. Las ediciones cuentan con traducciones anotadas y prólogos escritos por reconocidos estudiosos contemporáneos.<br /><br />Centro Cultural Rector Ricardo Rojas, Av. Corrientes 2038, PB.<div>Av. Corrientes 2038, PB</div><div>Buenos Aires, Argentina</div><br /></div>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-16877038989661914812010-11-02T17:12:00.005-03:002010-11-02T17:23:01.350-03:00Convocatoria al primer número de la revista: "Crítica contemporánea. Revista de Teoría Política"<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggR5qRgiSGfu-2aDHUSff07EmzROpWJ9_IhJz-pRaShLcIoJXe5-6tjm0-n2ehY2t5mfAUzHKezuWPtRuewS1PSIBiSqu6SwnPaThV0SIWSBOuqKEP3wh8uOpHqXJSJBi4r97yeetSO5Az/s1600/fondo+baja+cal+copy.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 192px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggR5qRgiSGfu-2aDHUSff07EmzROpWJ9_IhJz-pRaShLcIoJXe5-6tjm0-n2ehY2t5mfAUzHKezuWPtRuewS1PSIBiSqu6SwnPaThV0SIWSBOuqKEP3wh8uOpHqXJSJBi4r97yeetSO5Az/s400/fondo+baja+cal+copy.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5535048094604869778" border="0" /></a><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:hyphenationzone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" latentstylecount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id="ieooui"></object> <style> st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:15.5pt;" lang="ES-UY" >Convocatoria al primer número de la revista</span></b><b><span lang="ES-UY" style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><b style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style=";font-family:Georgia;font-size:21.5pt;" lang="ES-UY" >Crítica contemporánea. Revista de Teoría Política</span></b><b><span lang="ES-UY" style="font-family:Georgia;"></span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><b><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:10pt;" lang="ES-UY" >ISSN 1688-7840</span></b><b><span lang="ES-UY" style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" > </span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="ES-UY">Dossier</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" > </span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="ES-UY">Relaciones entre la Teoría Política, la Historia Política y la Ciencia Política hoy.</span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="ES-UY"> </span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="ES-UY">El número inaugural de la revista cuenta con invitados especiales que reflexionarán sobre las especificidades y fronteras entre Teoría Política, Ciencia Política, Historia Política y Política desde distintas perspectivas, además de estar abierta a contribuciones sobre estas temáticas.</span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="ES-UY">A modo de sugerencia, a continuación siguen una serie de preguntas que guían esta propuesta: ¿Qué es la política? ¿En qué consiste la Teoría Política? ¿En qué se distinguen la Teoría Política de la Historia Política? ¿Y de la Ciencia Política? ¿Cuáles son las visiones canónicas en estas áreas de estudio y cuáles son hoy sus desafíos? ¿En qué difieren y cómo se relacionan (o no) las perspectivas históricas, analíticas, comparativas, normativas y de estudios culturales sobre la política? ¿Teoría Política o Filosofía Política? ¿Cómo se entienden estas áreas de estudio en nuestro país y en América Latina? ¿En qué consiste y cómo se aborda metodológicamente la Teoría Política como actividad crítica? ¿Cuáles son los diversos ensamblajes de la política en tiempos de globalización?</span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="ES-UY">Esperamos que los distintos aportes favorezcan un diálogo entre diversas visiones sobre áreas de trabajo controvertidas, tanto con respecto a su contenido y sus fronteras como sobre sus metodologías.</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" > </span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="ES-UY">Se recibirán artículos desde el 1 de noviembre de 2010 al 15 marzo de 2011.</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" > </span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" > </span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US">Call for papers for the first number of the Journal <i>Crítica contemporánea. Revista de Teoría Política</i></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><i><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US"> </span></i></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US">Dossier</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US"> </span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US">The relationships between Political Theory, Political History and Political Science today. </span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US">The Journal´s inaugural issue will count with several specialized guests invited to reflect on the specificities and borders between Political Theory, Political Science, Political History and Politics from different perspectives. It will also be open to other contributions on this topics.</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US"> </span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US">We raise the following questions as a suggested guide to this issue: What is the political? What does it mean to work in Political Theory today? How does Political Theory differ from Political History? And from Political Science? What are the canonical visions and which are it´s challenges today? What are the differences and relationships (if any) between historical, analytical, compared, normative and cultural studies perspectives regarding politics? Political Theory or Political Philosophy? How are these areas understood in Uruguay and Latin America? What should be Political Theory's methodological approaches as critique? What are the different possible assemblages of politics in globalization?</span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US"> </span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US">We hope that diverse contributions will fuel a dialogue between different perspectives on these controversial areas, regarding their contents, their borders and methodologies. </span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US"> </span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US">Articles will be received from November 1, 2010 until March 15, 2011.<br /><br /></span></b></p> <p style="text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" lang="EN-US">Contacto: </span></b><span class="go"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);font-family:Verdana;" >criticarevista@gmail.com</span></b></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 153);"><br /></span></p><br /><img src="file:///C:/Users/Facu/AppData/Local/Temp/moz-screenshot-2.png" alt="" />Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-76222294435690779842010-11-02T16:32:00.005-03:002010-11-02T18:11:43.292-03:00Axel Honneth: "La democracia como cooperación reflexiva. John Dewey y la teoría de la democracia del presente"<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:hyphenationzone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" latentstylecount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> <div class="Section1"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.55pt 219.9pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>democrac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>como<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cooperac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>ón<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>re<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">fl</span>ex<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">v</span>a</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.45pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span 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style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os nega<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ivos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>cancelar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>io<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>posibilidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ce<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>spec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>va.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>plis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Honne<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>econs<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>uye<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rí</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>John<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">w</span>ey,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ncada en el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>social.</span></i><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial;"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 179.05pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 12.4pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue; position: relative; top: 0.5pt;"><a href="http://www.metapolitica.com.mx/m19b/teoria/index.htm">h<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tt</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">://</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">www</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">apoli</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ica</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">co</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m.m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">/m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">19b</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">/t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">eo</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ia</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">/</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">inde</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>m</a></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.85pt; line-height: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 1.6pt 4.05pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">En <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>los <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>úl<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>años <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>han <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span>f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>alecido <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style=""> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>nacional<span style=""> </span>los<span style=""> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>os<span style=""> </span>por escla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ecer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>unda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>debido no sólo a la ca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>da del i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>io<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>sino<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>deba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>occiden<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al sob<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e el co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>uni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Ade<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>allí donde<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>deli<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>espec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al de la pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica se buscó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una cone<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>ión con las <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>adiciones de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cas <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adicales,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la discusión <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ó <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ápida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>oposición<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>1</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 1.6pt 4.05pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 4.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">Con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sido desi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>nados ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e dos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelos no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>os de la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cuales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>enen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>da<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>papel<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>des<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>acado a la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca de la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e a co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o sucede co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e en el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">libe</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">alis</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pol</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ico</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">E</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">lu</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">li</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ac</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ida</span>d <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pa</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">icipa</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">de</span>l <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ciudadan</span>o a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">unción pe</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">iódic</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">le</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">cici</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">es</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">de</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pode</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pol</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ico</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ell</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">deb</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">se</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ada </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>anen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>opinión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pública<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ende<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>uen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocesos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>decisión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>icos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>2<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a pesar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de la coincidencia en la c<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica al libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e los dos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odo, de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>us<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>icado no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e en cada caso el p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>incipio de la opinión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pública<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el ideal clásico de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la ciudadan<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a cu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>os <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>os el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sub<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o de los asun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>do<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ob<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>esencial<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>da,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>insis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e en<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>necesi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>udes<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>ciudadanos,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>sino<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>sola<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o</span></p> </div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span> <div class="Section2"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 4.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">us<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>icado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oceso<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca de la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ad. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Por <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>lo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>en<span style=""> </span>el<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>la<span style=""> </span>opinión<span style=""> </span>pública<span style=""> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style=""> </span>es conside<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>obie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sí <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>, co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o con cu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>a a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>uda la sociedad in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> r</span>acional<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oble<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>icos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> m</span>ane<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>3</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.1pt; line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.05pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Co</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">n<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">es</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">dis</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">inció</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">cen</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">concep</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">opinió</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">públic</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pol</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ic</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pl</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">as </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>concie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>nen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>echo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>lo hab<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e Jü<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>en Habe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>4 Debido a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue en la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>adición del <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>hab<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>do de una ciudadan<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a solida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la cual en p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>incipio es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>á en condiciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lle<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a cabo la au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ación de la sociedad con base en p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocesos de delibe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y ne<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ociación,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>puede<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>concebida a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>sólo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eali<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pública<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>pulados.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>El <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>obie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>no y el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>son <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>as au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>óno<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>as del Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ado su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as a pau<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as espec<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>icas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> m</span>ás bien<span style=""> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>el<span style=""> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>ins<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ucional<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uél<span style=""> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oceso<span style=""> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>debe <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>enece<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hacia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ba,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>dade<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>opinión<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>pública de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ciudadanos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>5</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.15pt; line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.05pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">Por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lado,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún la concepción p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las ins<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>uciones es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ales <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>enen <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un subsis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> j</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>dica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nculado pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>óno<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>debido a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue las e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ensas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>caciones de las es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>uc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>as co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>as de la opinión pública,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de nin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>enen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>poder<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> m</span>edio del cual puedan hace<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>as decisiones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nculan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ane<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>debe <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se en el á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e- pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>io<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>opinión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>pública<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edian<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>icciones, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>decisiones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uellas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>inis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al, la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cual,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>debe <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ud de los p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocesos de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las condiciones de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>abilidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>social<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>opinión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>pública<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>6<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>Ya<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>dan a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>conocer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ué<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>puede<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>consis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en la concepción del de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>echo en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>as.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>desde<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>inicios<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>posee una cie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>a p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opensión a co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ender<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as del de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>echo co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o el ins<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o social <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edian<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>conse<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>su p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opia iden<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>idad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>echos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>unda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún la con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>icción del p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ane<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a de ase<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>anencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>opinión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>pública<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ad</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">inis</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ació</span>n <span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pol</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ica</span>; <span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">all</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>l <span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">de</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ech</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>s <span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">esió</span>n <span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">solidi</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">icad</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">spec</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a</span></p> </div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span> <div class="Section3"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 4.2pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>una<span style=""> </span>ciudadan<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style=""> </span>solida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ia,<span style=""> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>,<span style=""> </span>el<span style=""> </span>disposi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style=""> </span>sancionado es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ado,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a la p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ección del p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> t</span>oda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ple<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dad.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>7</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.1pt; line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">Aho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a bien,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una oposición <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ple en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e los dos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adicales de la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia, co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue ha do<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>inado en los úl<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os años en la discusión pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ilosó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ha <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>enido, pese<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>ecundidad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o ne<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pues en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ece <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue se ha i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o la i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>espec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>hoy se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oponen <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>una <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eno<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ación <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>y<span style=""> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pliación <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de<span style=""> </span>los<span style=""> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>incipios de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cos.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">Q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>as<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue pueden encon<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue dos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>as al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adicales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es lo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uisie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>inuación, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edian<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>una <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>econs<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ucción <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de<span style=""> </span>la<span style=""> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>John De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>8<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>on<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ender de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>cie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ane<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>deba<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>ser <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>us<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>iloso<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>deba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ecer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>cer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o a las o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>as dos posiciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>esbo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>adas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>has<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>aho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ecu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>so<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>es <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>icos de cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>dos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>concepciones,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bas pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>es <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ecu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>an ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a so<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esa,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ual <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">edid</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">De</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">A</span>l <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">epublicanis</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pol</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ic</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">sul</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">di</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ci</span>l <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ele</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">en</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">la </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>dado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>és<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sub<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>ace<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>idea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de una in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>ciudadanos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sí <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>9<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Por o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>nin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>incon<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>enien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a apo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en la concepción de De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>debido a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue en ella la o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ación por p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adicales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>solución<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oble<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>as <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a un papel inco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>able<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ande,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue en o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>os <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelos de la opinión pública de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>10 Un p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esupues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>esis,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>iene una <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ce<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>debe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>consis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o, en p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>obar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>incon<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>eniencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>dos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>acapa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ellas se discu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e así deseo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sólo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de las dos pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>es de la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a de De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>a s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>esis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>única<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>concepción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>incipal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>su posición.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a poder<span style=""> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ender<span style=""> </span>có<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style=""> </span>piensa<span style=""> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style=""> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style=""> </span>en<span style=""> </span>su<span style=""> </span>concepción<span style=""> </span>los p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>có<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cula<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>idea<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>colec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>os,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odo el escla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eci<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>isa,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edian<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e la cual se dis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ancia <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adical<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e de las o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>as <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>siones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y del p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>su <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esa <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ablecer <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>los</span></p> </div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span> <div class="Section4"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 3.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>incipios<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>plia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>concepción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo de la delibe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sino se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo de la coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación social.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Es es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a idea la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>econs<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ucción:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey concibe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a de la coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación colec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>puede en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>onces <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al es en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>das<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>cuen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>esis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eunir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>dos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>ele<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>delibe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acional<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>y de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unidad<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>concepción,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>cuales,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>uación<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ual<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>án<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>apa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ados<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>uno<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>dos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>posiciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>apues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.1pt; line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.1pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">Q</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">uie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>lu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>a a pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ilar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la idea del o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>en de la es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a de la coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación social;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>dependiendo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oda<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>He<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>enden<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alelo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>idea de la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>inis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ación <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>es <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>deducida <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uí<span style=""> </span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span>m</span>ane<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span>t</span>an <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>las p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>isas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>sión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a cen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>al de un es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ableci<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>anece<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sin ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> m</span>encionada <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">(I)</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>En un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>undo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>paso,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>có<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>uiendo sus <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>os epis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oló<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>icos, lle<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>poco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>poco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uella<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>concepción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de la opinión pública de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>encuen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>adu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>lib<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Public<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>P<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oble<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>s;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>hoy en d<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>adu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>así lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>pone<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el hecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocesos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca de la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ad son concebidos co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acional,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cuales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sociedad in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ada coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a solucionar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>sus p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opios p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oble<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>as <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">(II)</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Al hacer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la cone<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>ión in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>he <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>lle<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ado <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>al <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>pun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>un<span style=""> </span>úl<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style=""> </span>paso, in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>oducir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>concepción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>deba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ual;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>deseo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nali<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ando<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>adu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sólo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sino <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>es<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>una<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>supe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ior<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span>f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>a<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>las<span style=""> </span>dos<span style=""> </span>pos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>as<span style=""> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>edo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>inan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es<span style=""> </span>del repub<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">li</span>can<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>smo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>del proced<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>m<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ento<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>(III).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 442.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">I</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 149%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">El <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>núcleo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odas <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>las <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>ob<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>eciones, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style=""> </span>han<span style=""> </span>sido<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>uladas<span style=""> </span>sie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style=""> </span>desde<span style=""> </span>una pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>spec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adical<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión de la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia del libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o, concie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ne<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ne<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o e indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dualis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a de la libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sonal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>11 Si el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>cen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>x<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>adición<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>socialis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>así co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ede<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ille<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>da<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ios<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>de</span></p> </div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span> <div class="Section5"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 4.1pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al de la pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica sólo puede ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>educida a la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>unción de una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>iódica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>acción es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>debido a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue de an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ano el su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cular<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>aislado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>hab<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>do<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ado con una de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nada po<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ción de libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dual<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>sea,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ono<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sonal<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>pensada<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>independien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocesos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>social,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>onces,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>puede sacar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a conclusión no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>dis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a a la de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue la ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dad pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica del ciudadano debe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a consis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>r p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ol<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ular<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>del apa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ea esencial debe consis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>, por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ección<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ades indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duales.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>An<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>educida <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cipación <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>las<span style=""> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>adiciones<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style=""> </span>se<span style=""> </span>han con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>úl<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>doscien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>años<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oponen o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a cosa,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sabe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o de la libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad hu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ana:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con base en la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ación de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue la libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad del indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duo se debe a las <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>elaciones co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>as,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se ob<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>iene,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue cada ciudadano pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cular<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sólo en asociación con los o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>os puede<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>alcan<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ono<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sonal,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pliada de la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ad.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>consi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>uien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cipación de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odos los ciudadanos en <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ció</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">la</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">decisione</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pol</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ica</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">deb</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">se</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> si</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">edi</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">é</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> de</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> cua</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> cada </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>puede<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>ase<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>sí su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sonal,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>sino<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>bien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>debe e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el hecho de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue sólo en el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edio público de una in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acción lib<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e de do<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>inio,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pued</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">conse</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ui</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">uell</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">libe</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>d<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">indi</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">idual.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.25pt; line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.05pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">Sin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ap<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>espues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>nue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>có<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o debe ser cons<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>uido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ecanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca de la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ad en pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cula<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>, depende<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ple<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ác<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>espec<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ico<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>pues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>unda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>de la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a; <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>as<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>dependiendo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de<span style=""> </span>có<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style=""> </span>sea<span style=""> </span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ado<span style=""> </span>el<span style=""> </span>hecho p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eceden<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>alcance<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edian<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>asociación social,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ene en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>onces <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>idea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>colec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>En a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelos de de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>conocido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>has<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>aho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>al libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>endida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo del <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">discu</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>so<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">in</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ub</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">sól</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>n <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>l <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">plan</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ea</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ien</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Hanna</span>h <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">A</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">end</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">sin</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ié</span>n <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>n <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">el </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Jü<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Habe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sólo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>dos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>po<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lado,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>y del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la idea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ina<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pensa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún el cual, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cular <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>sólo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>puede <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>alcan<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ar <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>su<span style=""> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad<span style=""> </span>en<span style=""> </span>la<span style=""> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style=""> </span>pública<span style=""> </span>del acue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>do<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>12<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>Ya<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>anos<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>pasa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>es,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>cuales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o</span></p> </div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span> <div class="Section6"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 4.1pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">sólo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>del <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>pues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>unda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>la<span style=""> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad<span style=""> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>se di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encia <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style=""> </span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>los <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>dos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>plan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es discu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dos;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>supues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>A<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>endt<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Habe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as el p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opósi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a la co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dualis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a de la libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no es el discu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>so in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sub<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>esencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> t</span>oda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a, sino<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>bien, el uso<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>colec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duales<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>solución<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oble<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>Pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>iendo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>de una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>idea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>esbo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>a la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>debe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>adición <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue a la de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ue</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ille.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.25pt; line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.1pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">Ya<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>culo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ocupó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> g</span>ene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>esbo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>bos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la cone<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>ión in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oble<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>culo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ulado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>E<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>hics of<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>13<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su pun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o de pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>da,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>consis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e en la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>endencia de la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>iloso<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a social con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>po<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ánea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sólo una <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a de la o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ación del <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>obie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>no es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ueda co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e esencial de los ideales de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an sólo la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>endida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>indicación <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>nu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ica"<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a el p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de acue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>do con el cual son ele<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>idos los <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>os de los ó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>anos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>os.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pocas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pá<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>inas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey pone<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>idea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>isa cen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>al, sub<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>ace <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>ins<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia: <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span>r</span>educir <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>la<span style=""> </span>idea<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca de la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ad al p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>incipio nu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ico de la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a de la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a, si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ica,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>así e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>plico<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>suponer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sociedad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>asa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>deso<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>aislados,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>cu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>concue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>dan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>poco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e de la cons<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>nu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opósi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>opinión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ados <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>14 En es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>dicho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cuan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a de la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ano con un concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o de la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sociedad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>uales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>clásicas la idea se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún la cual, an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ado,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>an en un <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al aisla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o sin nin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>elación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sola<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o pun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>da<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>uación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>sociedad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y deso<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ada,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>puede <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>enda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>onces,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o solución del p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oble<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a del o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>den social, a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uel<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Hobbes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>hab<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su cons<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ucción con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ualis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>incipio,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>plicación de un <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>esco,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ueba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>no puede lle<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>endida ins<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o un p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>incipio<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>nu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ico<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>den<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>idea<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>da<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>social<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>debe</span></p> </div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span> <div class="Section7"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 4.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">eali<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>io<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la unidad pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica sin nin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>una asociación p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ple<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>eal,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>15 <span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>De ahí <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>unda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>culo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>cie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>plo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>debe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>ba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o el p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esupues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sub<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>idad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>da<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>social.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.1pt; line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>sociedad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> g</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>á aún,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odos sus esc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>eniles,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">in</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">luenci</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">He</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">as</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">uell</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">in</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ub</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">idad</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">cu</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">eali</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">sie</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">la </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>da<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>social,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>debe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo de un <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>anis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o social"<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en el cual cada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edian<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oducción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>alidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>16</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 4pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>hecho,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>és<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sociedad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>consis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en la e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>encia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>bien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ane<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>deso<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>o no plani<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cada,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uí los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>elacionan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>sí en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eali<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>unciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>acue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>do con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>sión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>las cuales,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>adas en con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>bu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>en a la conse<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ación de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sociedad.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>encia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>social<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>dicho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> m</span>odelo, en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>onces, pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>cie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nadas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>consecuencias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sólo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>con <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>espec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o al concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ono<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sonal,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sino<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> r</span>elación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>obie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>no pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>enen<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>pensados<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>elacionados<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>po<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>encia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>social<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e una <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a de bien co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ún co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>do, cu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>soni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>caciones con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>apues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>enen <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue pensa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o la libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dual y pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>Cada<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>sociedad<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>soni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cación<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al"<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bodi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t"</span>17<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sociales,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con la di<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>sión del <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edian<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>conse<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>sociedad;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ahí <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>cada <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o de la sociedad le co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>esponde no sólo una pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e de la libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad posibili<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ada social<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>sino<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cula<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>dispone<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>sobe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>plena<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edian<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ún,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pueblo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>se con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>en en los po<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>es sobe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>anos del pode<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>No<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>sin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ullo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>idea,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>soni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la sobe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>popular<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>cada<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>ciudadano<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cula<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>apo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>cen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>cual ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>buido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olución<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>icana<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>his<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las ideas pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>icas:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>and <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>his is <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>heo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>udely<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>essed,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>but<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>none<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>less<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>subs<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ance,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>hat<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>ci<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a so<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ei<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>n,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>A<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ican<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>heo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>doc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ine<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>hich<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>andeur<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>has<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>but<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>one e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ual in his<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>, and<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> t</span>hat<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ello<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>el<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>hat<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>iest<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">G</span>od<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>"<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>18</span></p> </div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span> <div class="Section8"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 4.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">S</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">he</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">enci</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">is</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ian</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> e</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> ap</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">opiad</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> e</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> es</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> ce</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">an</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> a</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">is</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">se</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ú</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> cual </span>cada<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>ciudadano<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duo<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cular<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ple<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>sobe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ano,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>po<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>con la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>sión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o al bien colec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>onces <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>á aho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a cla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o a la in<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sa,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ué<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey puede<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>concebir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>polo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>opues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>elación de e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esión esbo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ada.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Debido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sólo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cula<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>enos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>conscien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e una <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 3pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ún"<span style=""> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>hecho<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>social,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>apa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>debe<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>ser de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ano<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>ecu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>obie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>no no debe concebi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>apa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>dele<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ados<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>del pueblo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>ba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>aplicación<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>sino<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>bien<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>debe<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ende<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sólo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a"<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>o uni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cado por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>buir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>or<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a, es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o es,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>és de la concen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ación de las <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>as <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>as,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eali<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ación de los <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nes pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>uidos<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>A<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>da<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>un<span style=""> </span>paso<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollo<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>la analo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>anis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>apa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>obie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o"<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de la co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica:</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.15pt; line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.1pt 0.0001pt 40.5pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 149%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>body o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ed<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>or<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>seein<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>ust<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> g</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ent<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ed<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>or<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>decla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ng<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>ecu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ing<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>ud<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>s.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">G</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ent<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>is <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>hat<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>lan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ua<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>hou<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>not<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>only<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">mm</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>pu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>poses<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e, buy<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>doing<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> t</span>hem<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>or<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>st<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cula<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>on<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ali<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.2pt; line-height: 8pt;"><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.95pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">Aho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>bien,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>da cuen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue has<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e pun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o de su a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ación ha <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oducido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sólo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ideal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a le<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cada pod<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a ser encon<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Pla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ón<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>o en A<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eles;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pues pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a los pensado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>es clásicos de la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">an</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">iloso</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pol</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ica</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">lació</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">en</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">libe</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>d<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">indi</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">idua</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">co</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">unida</span>d<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pol</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ic</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">es </span>pensada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>sen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ido,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>elación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ánica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>cual el<span style=""> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duo<span style=""> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cular<span style=""> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a,<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edian<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style=""> </span>el<span style=""> </span>desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollo<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>las<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>udes co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>espondien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad en la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eali<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ación de un bien co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ún,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a su <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es sola<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esión de los es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>os de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odos los pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cula<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>es <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue concue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>dan en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e sí a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>és<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>sión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>así ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>esencia di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>ideal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>clásico<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ideal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bos p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>os los ciudadanos alcan<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>an su libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eali<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>an en con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dad<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nalidades<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>icas<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>adas<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>cons<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>icidad de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unidad.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encia<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>obs<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bos<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>ideales,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>debe</span></p> </div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span> <div class="Section9"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 4.1pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">consis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>n,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>sino<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edios<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de la cons<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ución pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>as <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue el ideal a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico c<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ee capaces de au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>eali<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ación é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e adecuada sólo a un pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ueño<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>culo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duos especial<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e do<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ados,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a de la población<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>debe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>acep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>nalis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>da<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>uosa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>eli<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el ideal de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue cada <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cular<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de la sociedad se pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>eccione lib<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ección<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>deseada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>bien pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>uido con la di<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>sión del <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>allí las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>udes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>uni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ciudadano<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>incul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>desde<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ba <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edian<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e la pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>suasión o la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>do<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ina <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e la con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ian<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>lib<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>coacción de la pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sonalidad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cada indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duo encon<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>unción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>adecuada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>él,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>social.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey deno<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ina<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ian<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>capacidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>colec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de una sociedad el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ndi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dualis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o"<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia:</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.1pt; line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.05pt 0.0001pt 40.5pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">Be<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>put<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>om<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>hou<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">I</span>t<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ust<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>be<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>hi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>sel<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>uch <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ood<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"> </span>socie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>bu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sonal <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eponsibili<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dual <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>at<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>on, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>these <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>are <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>the <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>notes <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>of <span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>democracy<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>(...). <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>here <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style=""> </span>on <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nd<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dua<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">li</span>sm <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>n de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acy <span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>hich<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>not<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>but<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>it<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dualism<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>in de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acy <span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ic</span>h <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">he</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">no</span>t<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>n <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">is</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ac</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">bu</span>t<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>t<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>n <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">hical</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">no</span>t<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">nu</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ica</span>l <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">indi</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">idualis</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>; <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">it i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">indi</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">idualis</span>m<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>f<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">eedo</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>f<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">sponsibili</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>f<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ini</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ia</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">an</span>d<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>or<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">hical </span>ideal,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>not<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dualism<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>essness.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.1pt; line-height: 9pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>úl<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pensa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dualis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co da a conoce<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de un <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odo su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>có<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>concebido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>John<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cone<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>ión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e coope<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ación,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey concibe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>encia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de la di<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>sión social del <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>indicación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>hecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sonal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>debe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>sólo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>a la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unicación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>os de una sociedad;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pues la libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad es pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a él, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ia</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">en</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pe</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ienci</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">posi</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">un</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">au</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">eali</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ació</span>n <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">en</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">coacción</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">cual </span>enseña<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>descub<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cular<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uellas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>des<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>y capacidades<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>por <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>edio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cuales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>puede<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>buir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>conse<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>sión<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>del <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>social.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>acon<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eci<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ece<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ane<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de la u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ili<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ación con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>duales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>sociedad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>hace<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>conscien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>y se <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">plane</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">eali</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">co</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ec</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">coope</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">su</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">en</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">once</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">all</span>í <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">idea</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">lle</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">el </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">D</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a de la lib<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e asociación de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odos los ciudadanos con el p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opósi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>sión<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>das<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>ellos;</span></p> </div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span> <div class="Section10"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 3.95pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>os de la sociedad se e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ua<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ecciona<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ane<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>enien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>capacidades<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ección<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>bien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ún.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>Al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>culo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ácil<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>edescub<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>concepción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>así esbo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ideal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ico,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>incipios <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>es de libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ualdad y <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>nidad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cuales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lle<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>on<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bolo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Re<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olución <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ancesa:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una cons<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ución<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>supone<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dual en el sen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ido de un desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollo de la pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sonalidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>coacción,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cual,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>ba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o condiciones de i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ualdad de opo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>unidades ins<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ucionali<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ada,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>opicia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>capacidades<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>de la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sociedad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>bui<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en unión con <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odos los o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>os en he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>andad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>solida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a la pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>secución de las <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>das.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 4.2pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 149%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">Con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién se debe <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>econocer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ácil<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e en es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e li<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ué pueden consis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>debilidades<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>concepción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> tr</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> j</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.5pt; line-height: 7.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 411.95pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">No</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">as:</span></b><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.4pt; line-height: 5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.1pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">*<span style="letter-spacing: 2.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>aducción<span style="letter-spacing: 2.8pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.8pt;"> </span>Ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 2.8pt;"> </span>E<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.8pt;"> </span>Rendón<span style="letter-spacing: 2.8pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>Se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>io<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>uño<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>udios<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>Pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cos<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>la</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 267.6pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Uni</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">sida</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">d<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">An</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">io</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Colo</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ia.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.45pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.05pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 149%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">**<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>P<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>esor<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Uni<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">G</span>oe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>F<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>t<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>y uno<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>po<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de<span style=""> </span>la<span style=""> </span>nue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>C<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>El<span style=""> </span>au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>or <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adece<span style=""> </span>a<span style=""> </span>Pie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>er <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Niesen<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o sie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>Hans<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>Joas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>obse<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>aciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>icas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>inuas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ú<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>iles co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ios.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 4.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">1<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>uación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>asocio,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>cie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ane<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>al dia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>nós<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co habe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>asiano<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>y el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>concebidos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>los dos pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>hoy p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>edo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>inan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>echo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">(</span>J. Habe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>Fa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ät<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> G</span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>F<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt/</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>1992,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>cap.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>V<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">I</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>342<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y ss.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Ve<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>sión cas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ellana:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>id,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tt</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>1998<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">)</span>;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>añaden<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>dos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o de p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Habe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>onces la i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>unda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>dos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>as de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cas <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adicales,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las cuales in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ender<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>desde dos lados con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>apues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una idea no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ancial<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olun<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ensión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al de la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>supues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> t</span>ales <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>aciones uni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>can<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es de concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">epublicanis</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ocedi</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">en</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">alis</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">conlle</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">sie</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>l<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">peli</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">un</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">si</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">li</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">icación</span> e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>cesi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ácil<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>pie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>den<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y li<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>aciones,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cuales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>espec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style=""> </span>en<span style=""> </span>las<span style=""> </span>dis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style=""> </span>posiciones<span style=""> </span>debili<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ar<span style=""> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ipaciones ap<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adas.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Cuán<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>cil<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>ade<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ás,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>clasi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>icar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nados<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en las posiciones conscien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ili<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>adas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pone<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ecisa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la pos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a obs<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nada de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">I</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ebo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>g<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>aus:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uí<span style="letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollada, pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>endo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>echos sub<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>os,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ienden<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ido libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>al co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>echa<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es del Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ado,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una idea de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cipación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>base<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ca,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>cual,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>cie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>con el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>pá<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cipación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>di<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>o no <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ncular a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>és<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>encias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>icas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>disposición<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cipación <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">(</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">C</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r.</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>plo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">I</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>aus,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">N</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ech<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>enschen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>echt<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>und poli<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ische <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">G</span>enech<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">gk</span>ei<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t"</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Diale</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">1994</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pp</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">9</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">18</span>;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>F<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ihei</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ch</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">un</span>d<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Vol</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ssou</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ani</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t"</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Rech</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">scheo</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ie</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l.</span></span></p></div><div class="Section11"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 4.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 149%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">26,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>507<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span>562<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">)</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>í con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>uda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la concepción<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>adu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>iene,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>supues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién una c<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ica a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>posición<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">I</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ebo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>g<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>aus.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 4pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">2<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sucesi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>cuando<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> m</span>odelo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oy<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>endo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>supues<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sob<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odo al concep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollado por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>J.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Habe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as, Fa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>tät<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Ge<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>op.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>t.;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>r.,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>además<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>cont<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>nuac<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ón:<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> S</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">B</span>enhab<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>b,<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>"<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Ei</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">li</span>berat<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>es <span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>odel<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>scher<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t"</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Deu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>sche<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Zei<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>sch<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>t<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> f</span>ür Philosophie,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nú<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>1,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>1995, pp. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>3<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span>29. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Cuando <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>lo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>sucesi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>encia<span style=""> </span>al<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>la<span style=""> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"r</span>epublicano<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>end<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>sob<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>odo, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>la<span style=""> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>acia<span style=""> </span>desa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rr</span>ollado indi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ec<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>por <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>H. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>A<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>end<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Über <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>die <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Re<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>olu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>on, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>ünchen, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>1973; <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>en<span style=""> </span>cie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>o<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>bién<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>inuación:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Sandel,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>us oder<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Republi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>anis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>us,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>en,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>1995.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> Q</span>ue <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>uí<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">í</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>sociedad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>ci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>il"<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>pos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>independien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adical<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>á <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>elacionado con el hecho de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue sus <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es, se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>icción,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>oscilen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ocedi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>epublicanis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o. Consul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>indicaciones en A.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Honne<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>h,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> "</span>F<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>en der<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Zi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>il<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>esllscha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t"</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en Desin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>on,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.55pt;"> </span>B<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>uchs<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>úc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>einer<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>olo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ischen<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>Zei<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>dia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>nose,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>F<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt/</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>1994,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>pp.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 415pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">80<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span>89.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.45pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.2pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 149%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">3<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Pa</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> es</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> di</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">encia</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r.</span>: <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">S</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Benhabib</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">odell</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> o</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">ff</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">en</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">liche</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> Rau</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Hanna</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> A</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">end</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>, die<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ale<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>adi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>on<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Jü<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Habe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Selbst<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>im<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Kon<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>F<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt/</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>1995,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pp.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 408.85pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">96<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span>130.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 314.4pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">4<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>C<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>J.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Habe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>op.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ci<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.35pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">5<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>Consul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>plo,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>R.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>Fo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>Kon<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>der<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">G</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ech<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">gk</span>ei<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>F<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt/</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>,</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 369.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">1994,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cap.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>III.2.</span></p> </div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br /></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.65pt 266.45pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">6<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>J.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">H</span>abermas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>op.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>t.,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>349<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>ss.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.45pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 175.6pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">7<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">P</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>d<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>enc<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">R</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Fo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rst</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>op.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t.</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">c</span>ap.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">II.</span>3.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.2pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 149%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">8 <span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>bio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>á<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>his<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ico<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>eó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ico<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>consul<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>dos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>nue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ob<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ánda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>: R<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>B.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>oo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>John<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey and<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>A<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ican<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">It</span>haca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y Lond<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>es,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>1991;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>S<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>C. <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Roc</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">elle</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Joh</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">De</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Reli</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">iou</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Fai</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">an</span>d<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">De</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>c<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Hu</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">anis</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Nue</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Yo</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">1991.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 4.35pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">9 <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">C</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r.</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">po</span>r <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">j</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">plo</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">la</span>s <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">le</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ione</span>s <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>n <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">A</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">R</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">an</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Joh</span>n <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">De</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">an</span>d <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Hi</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>h <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span>T</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">id</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 183pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">A<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ican<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>alis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Nue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Yo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>1995,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>358<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>ss.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.25pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 149%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">10<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">C</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>r.,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>ejemp<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>d<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>erentes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>re<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>erenc<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">D</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>J.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">H</span>abermas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>op.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>t.,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>211 y<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>369.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 4.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">11<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>Pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>aposición<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>odelos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>dualis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>unica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>libe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>ad <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pe</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">sona</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r.</span>: <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">A</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ll</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r"</span>F<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ihei</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">odell</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">de</span>r <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span>m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ode</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ne</span>n<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t"</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Endspiele</span>:<span style="letter-spacing: 3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Die </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>söhnliche<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span>ode<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ne,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>F<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt/</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>1993,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>13<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span>53.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.1pt 4.5pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">12<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>C<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>H.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>A<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>end<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>¿<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>hat<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>F<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eedo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>Be<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>een<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>Past<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>Fu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>Ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>onds<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>h,</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.45pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">1997,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>173<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span>196;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>au<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a:<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>Vi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>oder<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>Vom<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>ä<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>Leben,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>S<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tt</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>,</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.1pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 149%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">1960, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cular <span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>cap. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">I</span>I <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>y<span style=""> </span>V; <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>J. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Habe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rm</span>as. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">V</span>ol<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>ssou<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>äni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ät <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>als <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Ve<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span>ah<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>en Fa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ät<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>Ge<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>op.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>t.,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>600-631;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del m<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>smo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>autor:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Fa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ät<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Ge<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>op. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t.</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">c</span>ap.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">III.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 4.1pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">13<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>J.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>E<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>hics<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>oc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ac<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">"</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Ea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>s,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>bondale<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>and Ed<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ds<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ille,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span>1969,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span>227<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span>249.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>ob<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>ey<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>ci<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>é,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>indi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">tr</span>a cosa,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sucesi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>ún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>edición<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de las ob<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>as co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>ple<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>as <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">q</span>ue apa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eció en Ca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>bondale und<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>Ed<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ds<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ille;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ili<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">z</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>é<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">g</span>uien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ab<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">v</span>ia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>as:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>E<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Ea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>s,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>1882<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span>1898; <span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">M</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ddle<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>s,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>1899<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span>1924;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>L<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>s,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>1925<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span>1953.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 341.15pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">14<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> I</span>bid<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>229<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>ss.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.2pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 149%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 149%; font-family: Arial; color: black;">15 <span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Ib<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>d.,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>pp.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>231<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ss.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">P</span>ara<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>conte<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>to<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>teór<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>co<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>muy aprop<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ado:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">R</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">.</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">B</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;">W</span>estbroo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">k</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>op.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>t., <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pa</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">rt</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">CAP</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>2<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> (</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pp</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">33</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">57</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">)</span>;</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0.15pt 246.05pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">16<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r.</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>én,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">A</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">R</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>an,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>op.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t.</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">c</span>ap.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>3.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 173.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">17 <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>J.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">D</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">w</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">E</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>cs<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">D</span>emocrac<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>op.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>t.,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>237.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 400.1pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">18 <span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">I</span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">m</span>.</span></p>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-58562050175405711602010-11-02T16:14:00.005-03:002010-11-02T16:30:02.577-03:00II Jornadas de Investigación en Ciencia Política - UNER<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.fts.uner.edu.ar/cp_II_jornadas_inv/presentacion.html"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 112px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgys3j_9i2ZWOGiCVezFVWQQUQwePJVgkRwJ4AECMZoFoR1YJfUnhU7KjJJfpo5HoPRvPYZnXGA5F__jdBT7n1ASRZZZ_4YPyTGEQNt6qSx0WB7O87DdqOnRaj7uuNbjX6ZErceVfZmoZQa/s400/jorn.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5535034979291060466" border="0" /></a><div class="au_titulo"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Click sobre la imagen para más información</span><br /><br /></div><p style="font-weight: bold;" class="Texto_basico_con_linea" align="left"><strong>Presentación></strong></p> </div> <div style="font-weight: bold;" class="au_txt_sin_linea" align="right"> <p class="Texto_basico" align="justify"> La segunda edición de las Jornadas de Investigación en Ciencia Política es organizada por la Coordinación de la Licenciatura en Ciencia Política y la Secretaría de Extensión e Investigación Facultad de Trabajo Social – UNER. Mientras que en septiembre de 2008, en cooperación con la Sociedad Argentina de Análisis Político (S.A.A.P.), la Secretaría de Extensión e Investigación y la Coordinación de la Lic. en Ciencia Política, se organizaron las “I Jornadas de Investigación en Ciencia Política” <a href="http://www.fts.uner.edu.ar/cp_II_jornadas_inv/libro_JCP_I.pdf" target="_blank" class="link_mas_info">(descargar libro PDF)</a>.</p> <p class="Texto_basico" align="justify"><br /> Para la organización de aquella reunión científica, asumimos como punto de partida el encontrarnos atravesando la implementación del 4º de la carrera, y lo que ello significaba en términos de desafíos por venir. Casi con exclusividad, nos interesaba satisfacer dos necesidades básicas: que los docentes pudieran conocer las áreas de interés de investigación de sus colegas, llevadas adelante fundamentalmente en otras instituciones o en sus estudios de postgrado por un lado; y por el otro, que los alumnos supieran el qué, el cómo y el por qué de esos estudios e investigaciones, con miras a perfilar, revisar o confirmar las propias áreas de interés y/o desarrollo profesional.</p> <p class="Texto_basico" align="justify"><br /> Dos años después, nos encontramos no sólo con la Licenciatura en Ciencia Política implementada en su totalidad, con un número muy importante de concursos en marcha para fortalecer los equipos de cátedra, sino que además nos hemos propuesto diseñar un programa de postgrado en Formulación y Gestión de Políticas Públicas (con énfasis en Monitoreo y Evaluación de Políticas), con el apoyo de la Red Interamericana de Educación en Administración Pública (INPAE, por sus siglas en inglés).</p> <p class="Texto_basico" align="justify"><br /> En este contexto, aspiramos a que las Jornadas de Investigación en Ciencia Política de la Facultad de Trabajo Social puedan convertirse en un ámbito privilegiado de discusión, que cada dos años convoque a docentes-investigadores, alumnos, funcionarios municipales, provinciales, y nacionales con asiento en la región, a intercambiar y debatir en torno a la producción de conocimiento, los vínculos entre teoría y práctica, y los dispositivos de transferencia que puedan realimentar el proceso, y finalmente, las formas de construir los nexos entre investigación, docencia y extensión.</p><p class="Texto_basico" align="justify"><br /></p><p class="Texto_basico" align="justify"><br /></p><p class="Texto_basico" align="justify"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);font-size:130%;" ><a href="http://www.fts.uner.edu.ar/cp_II_jornadas_inv/Parograma_General_JCP.pdf">VER PROGRAMA GENERAL</a></span></p><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="au_titulo"> <p class="Texto_basico_con_linea" align="left"><strong>Panelistas invitados</strong>></p> </div> <div class="Texto_basico" align="right"> <div align="justify"> <div> <ul><li> CARLOS ALFREDO JUAREZ CENTENO (UNC)</li><li> MARIO RIORDA (UCC)</li><li> ANABELLA BUSSO (CONICET - UNR)</li><li> ALEJANDRO GROPPO (CONICET - UNC)</li><li> GUSTAVO DUFOUR (UDESA - SAAP)</li><li> CARLOS VILAS (UNLa)</li><li> GUILLERMO SCHWEINHEIM (AAEAP)</li><li>FABIAN REPETTO (CIPPEC-UNGS)</li><li>ARTURO FERNÁNDEZ (CONICET)</li></ul><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;" class="Texto_basico_con_linea"> <p class="Texto_basico"><strong>Objetivos></strong></p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;" class="Texto_basico">1. Contribuir al logro de más y mejores condiciones para el desarrollo de la Investigación en Ciencia Política en la Facultad de Trabajo Social de la UNER. </p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;" class="Texto_basico">2. Contribuir a la discusión y el intercambio entre docentes-investigadores y alumnos; en particular, aquellos interesados en la docencia y la investigación en el campo de la Ciencia Política.</p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;" class="Texto_basico"> 3. Propiciar el intercambio entre docentes-investigadores y el medio social regional; en particular, con los organismos públicos y privados interesados en la cooperación con la Facultad de Trabajo Social para el logro de sus objetivos institucionales.</p><p style="text-align: justify;" class="Texto_basico"><br /></p><div style="text-align: justify;" class="Texto_basico_con_linea"> <p><strong>Destinatarios></strong></p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div class="Texto_basico" align="right"><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /> Docentes-investigadores del campo de la Ciencia Política y las Ciencias Sociales en general, alumnos de grado y post-grado de la Facultad de Trabajo Social y de la Región, funcionarios del sector público estatal y del sector público no estatal, y comunidad en general. </p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Participación</strong><br /> Paneles de invitados, mesas de ponencias, exhibición de posters. Los resúmenes y posters serán recibidos hasta 17 de Septiembre. Las ponencias completas serán recibidas hasta el 26 de Noviembre. Las mismas serán integradas a un libro digital, debidamente registrado, que con posterioridad a las Jornadas será editado y subido a la página web de la Facultad para su descarga grauita. Adicionalmente, podrán preveerse espacios para la realización de actividades paralelas (presentaciones de libros, reuniones, etc.). Estos espacios deberán ser solicitados con la debida anticipación, quedando sujeto a confirmación por parte de la organización. Los paneles de invitados girarán en torno a temáticas seleccionadas por el Comité Organizador. </p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Presentaciones de Abstracts y Posters</strong><br /> Las II Jornadas de Investigación en Ciencia Política de la Facultad de Trabajo Social UNER han sido pensadas como un espacio de intercambio y discusión en torno a las actividades concretas de investigación que se desarrollan en la región y el país en sus diferentes modalidades: tesinas de grado, tesis de postgrado, proyectos de investigación y desarrollo, PICT, PICTO, etc. Las modalidades de presentación son dos: ponencias y posters. Las primeras serán integradas a mesas por afinidad temática, en tanto que los segundos serán exhibidos en las galerías de la facultad, de acuerdo al cronograma que se estipule. Se espera que las ponencias puedan dar cuenta tanto de los resultados de investigaciones recientes como en curso, pero también de las distintas fases del proceso de investigación, y los desafíos que se enfrentan (desde la construcción de marcos teóricos-conceptuales y la operacionalización de conceptos y estrategias metodológicas, pasando por la elaboración de estados de la cuestión, el acceso a fuentes y la actualización bibliográfica en idioma extranjero, hasta llegar a los desafíos del trabajo de campo, la selección de técnicas para la recolección y el análisis de los datos, la elaboración de informes, la publicación de resultados, etc.). A tal efecto, los resúmenes deberán ser enviados siguiendo las directivas de la siguiente ficha: <a href="http://www.fts.uner.edu.ar/cp_II_jornadas_inv/Ficha_Inscripcion_II_JICP.doc"><clic></a></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><div style="text-align: justify;" class="Texto_basico_con_linea"> <p><strong>Costos e inscripciones</strong>></p> </div><div> </div><div class="Texto_basico" align="right"><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><table style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="269" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td width="125" bgcolor="#cccccc"><div class="Estilo11" align="center"><strong>TIPO</strong></div></td> <td width="138" bgcolor="#cccccc"><div class="Estilo11" align="center"><strong>COSTO</strong></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" height="40"><p> Alumnos FTS</p> </td> <td><div align="center">$20</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" height="40"><p> Otros Alumnos</p> </td> <td><div align="center">$30</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" height="40"><p> Asistentes </p> </td> <td><div align="center">$40</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" height="40"><p> Graduados FTS</p> </td> <td><div align="center">$30</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" height="40"><p> Posters</p> </td> <td><div align="center">$40</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" height="40"><p> Expositores</p> </td> <td><div align="center">$75</div></td> </tr> </tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;">Los autores que deseen su certificado en calidad de EXPOSITORES, deberán pagar la respectiva inscripción. Aquellos que presenten posters y paguen la debida inscripción, recibirán también su certificado como expositor. Los alumnos que expongan pagarán la tarifa correspondiente a alumnos (de la FTS u Otros), y obtendrán su certificado como EXPOSITORES. Los graduados de la FTS que expongan, pagarán la tarifa de EXPOSITORES y obtendrán el correspondiente certificado.<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p> </div><p><br /></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-69318938192315286022010-11-02T16:02:00.004-03:002010-11-02T16:13:37.239-03:00Nuevo Encuentro del Taller de Experimentación Pragmatista: "Forjar nuestro país" de Richard Rorty - Ciudadanía & Democracia<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX6tnKWRY0MQh3ktOq0mGNJWlxRiR5YRbZYWzp_IW-F_YwEbLhJDlHJ3j-ZQYlp-TZ25UbGoC_ylHcTzpCybfkdpzlKzaz5a8RWUET9yPQI5CbnYZCnzAqYpQ2qCDFos424yWvdsAocdto/s1600/T.E.P.+Noviembre.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 197px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX6tnKWRY0MQh3ktOq0mGNJWlxRiR5YRbZYWzp_IW-F_YwEbLhJDlHJ3j-ZQYlp-TZ25UbGoC_ylHcTzpCybfkdpzlKzaz5a8RWUET9yPQI5CbnYZCnzAqYpQ2qCDFos424yWvdsAocdto/s400/T.E.P.+Noviembre.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5535030028931941554" border="0" /></a><br /><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: lucida grande; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size:130%;">Los invitamos en el mes de noviembre a todos aquellos que quieran sumarse al próximo encuentro del Taller de Experimentación Pragmatista en el que trabajaremos “Forjar nuestro país" de Richard Rorty, texto indispensable para reflexionar sobre la política, el futuro y la democracia, no poca cosa en estos tiempos. La cita es el día 17 en el Museo Roca a las 18.00hs, sito en Vicente Lopez 2220, CABA.<br /><br />Confirmar su presencia a info@ciudadaniaydemocracia.org</span></div>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-39564717706665466082010-11-02T15:50:00.008-03:002010-11-02T16:00:53.242-03:00Novedad Editorial - "Lo que el hombre hace al hombre. Ensayo sobre el mal político" - Myriam Revault d'Allones - Amorrortu Editores<img src="file:///C:/Users/Facu/AppData/Local/Temp/moz-screenshot.png" alt="" /><img src="file:///C:/Users/Facu/AppData/Local/Temp/moz-screenshot-1.png" alt="" /><br /><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:100%;" ><img src="http://www.amorrortueditores.com/newsletters/Logo.gif" width="314" height="49" /></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:100%;" ><strong><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 51);">Novedades Noviembre 2010</span></strong></span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:100%;" ><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="http://www.amorrortueditores.com/" target="_blank">www.amorrortueditores.com</a></span></span></p><br /><br /><table style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" width="475" align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff" border="0"><tbody><tr><td><br /></td> <td valign="top" width="70" align="left"><a href="http://www.amorrortueditores.com/libro.php?p_id_libro=566" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.amorrortueditores.com/img/tapa/566_566_HombrehaceHombre.jpg" width="60" border="0" height="100" /></a></td> <td valign="top" width="170" align="left"> <p><span><strong>Myriam Revault d'Allones</strong></span><br /><a style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);" href="http://www.amorrortueditores.com/libro.php?p_id_libro=566" target="_blank"><strong>Lo que el hombre hace al hombre</strong></a><br /><span>Ensayo sobre el mal político<br /><br /></span><span style=";font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:78%;" ><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">Mutaciones</span><br />192 págs.<br />Código S60368<br />ISBN: 978-950-518-725-6<br />PVP: € 15,00.-</span></p></td> <td valign="top" width="18" align="left"><br /></td> <td valign="top" width="270" align="left"> <p>En el siglo XX, los «campos» donde Estados y regímenes políticos programaron la aniquilación del hombre revelaron la «condición inhumana». La historia adoptó la apariencia ya no del destino (tal como lo había anunciado Hegel), sino del terror. Por eso la pregunta: ¿Hemos visto surgir aquí la figura excepcional del mal, del mal en una violencia y un horror sin precedentes? ¿O bien estamos aquí, como afirma Hannah Arendt, simplemente ante la banalidad del mal?</p> <p>Disponible en librerías desde el 4/11</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.amorrortueditores.com/libro.php?p_id_libro=566" target="_blank">>> Ver más</a></strong></p></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;">¿Qué es lo que nuestro siglo ha agregado a lo que siempre hemos sabido acerca de la aterradora cantidad de fechorías que los hombres son capaces de cometer? ¿Qué ha aportado de inédito a lo que siempre hemos sabido (o creído saber) acerca de lo que el hombre puede hacer al hombre?</p><p style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;">En el siglo XX, los «campos» donde Estados y regímenes políticos programaron la aniquilación del hombre revelaron la «condición inhumana». La historia adoptó la apariencia ya no del destino (tal como lo había anunciado Hegel), sino del terror. Por eso la pregunta: ¿Hemos visto surgir aquí la figura excepcional del mal, del mal en una violencia y un horror sin precedentes? ¿O bien estamos aquí, como afirma Hannah Arendt, simplemente ante la banalidad del mal?</p><p style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;">Myriam Revault d’Allones toma como punto de partida esta expresión, cuyo sentido se desgastó aun antes de haber sido comprendido, para tratar de analizar lo que el hombre puede hacer al hombre, es decir, la virtualidad siempre presente del mal político. Para entender el presente de ese mal es preciso reabrir el pasado, remontarse al mal radical según Kant, volver también al lazo entre lo trágico y la capacidad de institución política en Aristóteles, y luego releer a los modernos, como Hobbes y dos de sus grandes comentaristas: Carl Schmitt y Leo Strauss. Encontraremos en esta lectura inédita, como un hilo conductor, la idea de una humanidad desprovista de toda pretensión de inocencia, de una humanidad de vuelta al mal de la libertad (de su libertad) y, por lo tanto, a su poder de obrar.</p><br /><h3>Otras obras del autor </h3> <ul style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102); font-weight: bold;"><li> <p class="tit"><a href="http://www.amorrortueditores.com/libro.php?p_id_libro=548">El hombre compasional</a></p> </li><li> <p class="tit"><a href="http://www.amorrortueditores.com/libro.php?p_id_libro=166">El poder de los comienzos</a></p> </li></ul>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-32258283227646114012010-10-30T15:15:00.003-03:002010-10-30T15:21:24.203-03:00Jon Elster en la Universidad Torcuato Di Tella - 01/11 - 18 hs<h1 style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><img style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt; padding: 0pt; margin: auto;" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=e932c185e2&view=att&th=12bf5561dd2dee3e&attid=0.1.1.1&disp=emb&zw" alt="Boletín de Editorial Gedisa Argentina (Editorial Celtia) // Comunicado de Prensa - Visita de autor" usemap="#12bf5561dd2dee3e_ContactoCeltia" border="0" height="100" width="470" /> <map name="12bf5561dd2dee3e_ContactoCeltia"> <area shape="rect" coords="20,17,156,83" href="http://www.gedisa.com.ar/" alt="Sitio web de Editorial Gedisa Argentina" target="_blank"> </map> </h1> <div style="text-align: right; font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: -0.2pt; text-transform: uppercase;"><strong>Agradecemos su difusión</strong> </div> <table style="border-width: 0pt; border-style: hidden; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="background-color: rgb(153, 0, 51); padding: 4px;"> <table style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" border="0" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: left;" border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td> <table style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: left;" border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td width="156"><img src="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=e932c185e2&view=att&th=12bf5561dd2dee3e&attid=0.1.1.2&disp=emb&zw" alt="[Foto de autor] Jon Elster" height="200" width="136" /><br /> <br /> <br /> <img src="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=e932c185e2&view=att&th=12bf5561dd2dee3e&attid=0.1.1.3&disp=emb&zw" alt="La explicación del comportamiento social" height="197" width="136" /><br /> </td> <td> <h2 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 18pt; letter-spacing: -1pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 5px;">Jon Elster en Argentina</h2> <br /> <h2 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: -1pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 5px;">Entrega del Doctorado Honoris<br /> Causa por la UTDT</h2> <br /> <h2 style="letter-spacing: -1pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0.5em;font-family:Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;">Conferencia Doctoral:<br /> <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">"Crisis de las Ciencias Sociales"</span></h2> <br /> <p style="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 10px;"> En el marco de su visita a Argentina, el profesor Jon Elster recibirá el grado de Doctor Honoris Causa por la Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, distinción motivada "por sus contribuciones a la teoría de la racionalidad individual y colectiva que han servido para iluminar múltiples problemas de las ciencias jurídicas y sociales". <strong>Próximamente Gedisa lanzará su nuevo libro, <a style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);" href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&view=bsp&ver=ohhl4rw8mbn4#12bf5561dd2dee3e_lib302568" title="Ver ficha del libro en este mismo mail"><em>La explicación del comportamiento social</em></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">.</span></strong></p> <br /> <p style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;"> <strong style="letter-spacing: -0.5pt; text-transform: uppercase;font-family:Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;"><span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 51);">Lunes 1 de noviembre</span><br /> 18 hs<br /> Escuela de Derecho de la UTDT</strong> (<strong style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.5pt; text-transform: uppercase;">Auditorio</strong>)<br /> (Miñones 2177) </p> <br /> <p style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 10px;font-size:8pt;">La asistencia requiere de una <span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 102);"> </span><a style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 102);" href="http://www.utdt.edu/inscripcion.php?id_evento=491" title="Formulario de inscripción a la ceremonia de entrega del Honoris Causa a Jon Elster" target="_blank">inscripción on-line</a><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">.</span></p> <br /> <p style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0.5em;">Más<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);"> </span><a style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);" href="http://www.utdt.edu/ver_evento_agenda.php?id_evento_agenda=678&id_item_menu=425&utm_source=ag-ditelliana&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Agenda%20Ditelliana%202010-10-14" title="Noticia sobre el Honoris Causa a Jon Elster en el sitio de la Universidad Torcuato Di Tella" target="_blank">información sobre la <em>laudatio</em> en la UTDT</a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">.</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> <div style="width: 100%; text-align: right; padding: 0.5em 0pt 0pt; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><a href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&view=bsp&ver=ohhl4rw8mbn4#12bf5561dd2dee3e_inicio">↑ ir arriba</a></div> <br /> <hr style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(153, 0, 51); min-height: 4px; border: 0pt none; font-weight: bold;"> <h2 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.5pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; padding: 5px 0pt;">Sobre el autor</h2> <br /> <table style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td> <p style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 10px;"><strong>Jon Elster</strong> es profesor en el Collége de France (Chaire de Rationalité et Sciences Sociales) y Profesor Robert K. Merton de Ciencia Social de la Universidad de Columbia . Miembro de la American Academy of Arts and Sciences y miembro correspondiente de la British Academy, ha recibido, entre muchas otras, becas de la John Simon Guggenheim Foundation y la Russell Sage Foundation. El doctor Elster ha ejercido la docencia en la Universidad de Chicago y ha sido profesor visitante en numerosas universidades de los Estados Unidos y Europa. Es, por otra parte, autor y compilador de treinta y cuatro libros.<br /> </p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> <hr style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(153, 0, 51); min-height: 4px; border: 0pt none; font-weight: bold;"> <h2 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.5pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; padding: 5px 0pt;">Su obra en Gedisa</h2> <br /> <a style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" name="12bf5561dd2dee3e_lib302568"></a> <h3 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.5pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; padding: 5px 0pt;">Próximamente</h3> <table style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td width="158"><img style="border: 0pt none;" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=e932c185e2&view=att&th=12bf5561dd2dee3e&attid=0.1.1.4&disp=emb&zw" alt="[Tapa] La explicación del comportamiento social" align="left" border="2" height="200" width="138" /></td> <td> <h3 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: -1pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt 0pt 0.25em; line-height: 18pt;"><em style="font-style: normal;">La explicación del<br /> comportamiento social</em></h3> <div style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.7pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; line-height: 12pt;">Más tuercas y tornillos para las ciencias sociales</div> <br /> <p style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;"> Este libro es una versión ampliada, revisada y autocrítica de <a style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);" href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&view=bsp&ver=ohhl4rw8mbn4#12bf5561dd2dee3e_lib302357" title="Ver ficha del libro en este mismo mail"><em>Tuercas y tornillos: Una introducción a los conceptos básicos de las ciencias sociales</em></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);">,</span> volumen del autor que conquistó la aclamación de la crítica. En veintiséis capítulos, Jon Elster describe la naturaleza de la explicación en las ciencias sociales; analiza los estados mentales -creencias, deseos y emociones- que son precursores de la acción; hace una comparación sistemática de los modelos de comportamiento basados en la elección racional con explicaciones alternativas; examina las posibles enseñanzas que las ciencias sociales pueden extraer de la neurociencia y la biología evolutiva, y revisa los mecanismos de la interacción social, desde el comportamiento estratégico hasta la toma colectiva de decisiones. Nos ofrece un panorama general de los mecanismos explicativos claves de las ciencias sociales, sobre la base de cientos de ejemplos y el recurso a una amplia variedad de fuentes: psicología, economía comportamental, biología, ciencias políticas, escritos históricos, filosofía y ficción.<br /> <br /> En un lenguaje accesible y liberado de toda jerga, Elster aspira a la exactitud y la claridad, a la vez que elude los modelos formales. En una provocativa conclusión, defiende el carácter central de la ciencia social cualitativa en una guerra de dos frentes contra las formas blandas (literarias) y duras (matemáticas) de oscurantismo.</p> <br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <p style="font-size: 7pt; text-align: right; margin: 0pt; padding: 5px 0pt 0pt;"> Páginas: 512 / ISBN 978-84-9784-251-8 / Código interno: 302.568 / $144<br /> <span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);"><br /> PVP promocional por lanzamiento, válido hasta el 31/12/10</span></p> <br /> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> <br /> <a style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" name="12bf5561dd2dee3e_lib302357"></a><br /> <table style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td width="125"> <a href="http://www.gedisa.com/libroarg.asp?CodigoLibro=302357" title="Ver ficha del libro en el sitio web de Editorial Gedisa Argentina" target="_blank"><img style="background-color: rgb(164, 28, 72); padding: 2px; border: 0pt none;" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=e932c185e2&view=att&th=12bf5561dd2dee3e&attid=0.1.1.5&disp=emb&zw" alt="[Tapa] Tuercas y tornillos" align="left" border="2" height="150" width="101" /></a> </td> <td> <h3 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: -1pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt 0pt 0.25em; line-height: 18pt;"><em style="font-style: normal;">Tuercas y tornillos</em></h3> <div style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.7pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; line-height: 12pt;">Una introducción a los conceptos básicos de las ciencias sociales</div> <br /> <p style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;"> La tesis principal de Jon Elster reside en que no existen teorías generales operativas en ciencias sociales, pero que en cambio se pueden conceptualizar una serie de mecanismos causales que sirvan para explicar fenómenos parciales. Estos mecanismos incluyen una gran cantidad de hechos a primera vista paradójicos en situaciones de elección racional, en condiciones de incertidumbre, en la selección natural o en el pacto social....</p> <br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <p style="font-size: 7pt; text-align: right; margin: 0pt; padding: 5px 0pt 0pt;"> Páginas: 184 / ISBN 978-84-7432-396-2 / Código interno: 302.357 / $ 83.-</p> <br /> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> <br /> <table style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td width="125"> <a href="http://www.gedisa.com/libroarg.asp?CodigoLibro=302521" title="Ver ficha del libro en el sitio web de Editorial Gedisa Argentina" target="_blank"><img style="background-color: rgb(164, 28, 72); padding: 2px; border: 0pt none;" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=e932c185e2&view=att&th=12bf5561dd2dee3e&attid=0.1.1.6&disp=emb&zw" alt="[Tapa] Ulises desatado" align="left" border="2" height="150" width="101" /></a> </td> <td> <h3 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: -1pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt 0pt 0.25em; line-height: 18pt;"><em style="font-style: normal;">Ulises desatado</em></h3> <div style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.7pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; line-height: 12pt;">Estudios sobre racionalidad, precomprensión y restricciones</div> <br /> <p style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;"> Parece de sentido común considerar que tener más opciones siempre es preferible a tener menos, y que es mejor saber más que saber menos. Sin embargo, Elster demuestra en este libro que, muy a menudo, el sentido común falla. A veces, simplemente ocurre que menos es más y que podemos sacar provecho de una limitación de nuestras opciones, o aun del hecho de ignorarlas...</p> <br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <p style="font-size: 7pt; text-align: right; margin: 0pt; padding: 5px 0pt 0pt;"> Páginas: 352 / ISBN 978-84-7432-905-6 / Código interno: 302.521 / $ 132.-</p> <br /> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> <br /> <table style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td width="128"> <a href="http://www.gedisa.com/libroarg.asp?CodigoLibro=302361" title="Ver ficha del libro en el sitio web de Editorial Gedisa Argentina" target="_blank"><img style="background-color: rgb(164, 28, 72); padding: 2px; border: 0pt none;" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=e932c185e2&view=att&th=12bf5561dd2dee3e&attid=0.1.1.7&disp=emb&zw" alt="[Tapa] El cemento de la sociedad" align="left" border="2" height="150" width="104" /></a> </td> <td> <h3 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; letter-spacing: -1pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt 0pt 0.25em; line-height: 18pt;"><em style="font-style: normal;">El cemento de la sociedad</em></h3> <div style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.7pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; line-height: 12pt;">Las paradojas del orden social</div> <br /> <p style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;"> Las normas sociales, además de garantizar el funcionamiento racional de una sociedad, aseguran que los mecanismos que rigen las relaciones entre los individuos no se desintegren en el desorden y el caos y se mantengan dentro de los límites de la lógica y del sentido común...</p> <br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <p style="font-size: 7pt; text-align: right; margin: 0pt; padding: 5px 0pt 0pt;"> Páginas: 352 / ISBN 978-84-7432-402-0 / Código interno: 302.361 / $ 119.-</p> <br /> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> <br /> <table style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td width="93"> <a href="http://www.gedisa.com/libroarg.asp?CodigoLibro=302350" title="Ver ficha del libro en el sitio web de Editorial Gedisa Argentina" target="_blank"><img style="background-color: rgb(164, 28, 72); padding: 2px; border: 0pt none;" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=e932c185e2&view=att&th=12bf5561dd2dee3e&attid=0.1.1.8&disp=emb&zw" alt="[Tapa] El cambio tecnológico" align="left" border="2" height="100" width="69" /></a> </td> <td> <h3 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -1pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 102);"><em style="font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none;" href="http://www.gedisa.com/libroarg.asp?CodigoLibro=302350" title="Ver ficha del libro en el sitio web de Editorial Gedisa Argentina" target="_blank">El cambio tecnológico</a></em></h3> <div style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; letter-spacing: -0.4pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 5px;">Investigaciones sobre la racionalidad y la transformación social </div> <p style="font-size: 7pt; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;">Páginas: 246 / ISBN 978-84-7432-386-3 / Código interno: 302.350 / $ 90.-</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> <br /> <table style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr valign="top"> <td width="93"> <a href="http://www.gedisa.com/libroarg.asp?CodigoLibro=302366" title="Ver ficha del libro en el sitio web de Editorial Gedisa Argentina" target="_blank"><img style="background-color: rgb(164, 28, 72); padding: 2px; border: 0pt none;" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=e932c185e2&view=att&th=12bf5561dd2dee3e&attid=0.1.1.9&disp=emb&zw" alt="[Tapa] Juicios salomónicos" align="left" border="2" height="100" width="69" /></a> </td> <td> <h3 style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -1pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 102);"><em style="font-style: normal;"><a style="text-decoration: none;" href="http://www.gedisa.com/libroarg.asp?CodigoLibro=302366" title="Ver ficha del libro en el sitio web de Editorial Gedisa Argentina" target="_blank">Juicios salomónicos</a></em></h3> <div style="font-family: Helvetica,Geneva,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; letter-spacing: -0.4pt; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 5px;">Las limitaciones de la racionalidad como principio de decisión </div> <p style="font-size: 7pt; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;">Páginas: 228 / ISBN 978-84-7432-415-0 / Código interno: 302.366 / $ 90.-</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> <br /> <strong style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">y otros (véalos en <a style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);" href="http://www.gedisa.com.ar/" title="Página de Editorial Gedisa Argentina" target="_blank">nuestro sitio web</a>).</strong>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-2489009077841589742010-10-22T19:18:00.002-03:002010-10-22T19:22:30.238-03:00Videoconferencia de Zygmunt Bauman<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="font-size: 11px; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(69, 69, 69); padding: 6px 6px 30px; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(255, 255, 255); white-space: nowrap;" align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff"><br /></td> <td style="font-size: 11px; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(69, 69, 69); padding: 6px 6px 30px; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(255, 255, 255); white-space: nowrap;" align="right" bgcolor="#ffffff"><br /></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <div><table width="450" bgcolor="#ffffff" cellspacing="0" height="496"> <tbody><tr> <td bgcolor="#ff2300" height="4"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" height="490"> <div align="center"> <table width="100%" cellpadding="6" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td bg="" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" valign="middle" width="33%" align="left" height="87"><div align="left"><span style="font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style=""><img src="http://www.fce.com.ar/images/varios/logoFCEhorizontal.gif" alt="FCE" width="142" height="44" /></span></span></div></td> <td bg="" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" valign="middle" width="67%"><div align="left"><span style="color: rgb(74, 74, 74);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" ><span style="font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span><span style="color: rgb(74, 74, 74);font-size:100%;" >Videoconferencia</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"> de Zygmunt Bauman</span></span></span></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table width="100%" bgcolor="#dfdfdf" cellpadding="6" cellspacing="16"> <tbody><tr valign="top" bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td height="294"><table width="99%" align="left" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" height="278"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top" width="32%" height="117"><div align="left"><img src="http://www.fce.com.ar/images/Varios/Logox200mas1.jpg" width="200" height="111" /> </div></td> <td rowspan="2" valign="top" width="68%" align="left"><table width="100%" cellpadding="8" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top" align="left"><p align="left"><span style="color: rgb(74, 74, 74);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:85%;" >Fondo de Cultura Económica y Proyecto X 200 más<br />tienen el agrado de invitar a usted a la</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(74, 74, 74);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:85%;" ><span><span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">VIDEOCONFERENCIA</span></span> <span><span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);">DE ZYGMUNT BAUMAN</span></span><span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:85%;" ><br /></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" align="left" height="151"> <div align="left"> <p> </p> <p><span style="color: rgb(74, 74, 74);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:78%;" >Con una mirada proyectiva proponemos pensar nuestro futuro. Sin proyectos no es posible construirlo. La visión de diferentes pensadores (artistas, creativos, empresarios, investigadores, sociólogos, psicoanalistas, periodistas, escritores, historiadores entre otros) propone repensarnos y proyectarnos.</span><br /><br /><br /><a style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" href="http://nmk.me/link-7aa635dabf2229bfbfb8ea4f62acdf69-1-47229cf2c5684aeba58ce2c461fd6fb2-6974e85d91480f08aa64ceb30634af86-newsmaker.gif" target="_blank">Obras de Zygmunt Bauman en FCE</a><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><br />ENTRADA LIBRE Y GRATUITA<br />Sujeto a disponibilidad del auditorio. Acreditarse <a href="http://nmk.me/link-95e8788c73746ddcfcb2588b575d1042-1-47229cf2c5684aeba58ce2c461fd6fb2-6974e85d91480f08aa64ceb30634af86-newsmaker.gif" target="_blank">Aquí </a></span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Más información en: <a href="http://nmk.me/link-7913e61132d07d9c160507c69b0028f7-1-47229cf2c5684aeba58ce2c461fd6fb2-6974e85d91480f08aa64ceb30634af86-newsmaker.gif" target="_blank">www.x200mas.com.ar</a> </span></p> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="32%" height="125"><p align="left"><span style="color: rgb(74, 74, 74);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:85%;" >MARTES 26 DE<span> 0CTUBRE 9.00 HS.</span><span><br />Auditorio Malba<span><br /></span></span>Av<span><span>. </span><span>Figueroa </span>Alcorta 3415<span><br /></span></span>Ciudad de Buenos Aires</span></p> <p align="left"> </p> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p> </p></td> </tr> <tr bg="" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" valign="top" align="left"> <td height="48"> <p align="left"><span style="color: rgb(74, 74, 74);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" ><strong><span style="font-size:78%;">Fondo de Cultura Económica</span></strong><span style="font-size:78%;"> - El Salvador 5665 - (1414) Buenos Aires - Argentina</span></span><span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:78%;" ><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(74, 74, 74);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:78%;" >Tel. (5411) 4771 8977 - e-mail: </span><span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:78%;" ><a href="http://nmk.me/link-986c44fbbd6560477f3aad19fa329751-1-47229cf2c5684aeba58ce2c461fd6fb2-6974e85d91480f08aa64ceb30634af86-newsmaker.gif" target="_blank">info@fce.com.ar</a><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(74, 74, 74);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:78%;" >Visite nuestro sitio web: </span><span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:78%;" ><a href="http://nmk.me/link-ad9f79a1a7afc9a9219511e49b1393da-1-47229cf2c5684aeba58ce2c461fd6fb2-6974e85d91480f08aa64ceb30634af86-newsmaker.gif" target="_blank">www.fce.com.ar</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-1436022050422045092010-10-20T17:18:00.004-03:002010-10-20T17:20:39.190-03:00"Silencio, Cuba: la izquierda democrática frente al régimen de la Revolución Cubana" de Claudia Hilb - LIBRO DEL MES en la Università di Bologna 28/10<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9ZbLEluuYkYU7eTsba-0pl68WZhuyPtWbHp1OrOJGMlPhJM4voQPXyO8-iJ5hO6gXhsOB8xhJyxoWOgvP2Enaz-mVIOQ8aUO4fKrV4A0qfLaRaWmuVGVFjTn6d9VxduoQ3Wuo1L8_MAx-/s1600/el+libro+del+mes+-+octubre.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9ZbLEluuYkYU7eTsba-0pl68WZhuyPtWbHp1OrOJGMlPhJM4voQPXyO8-iJ5hO6gXhsOB8xhJyxoWOgvP2Enaz-mVIOQ8aUO4fKrV4A0qfLaRaWmuVGVFjTn6d9VxduoQ3Wuo1L8_MAx-/s400/el+libro+del+mes+-+octubre.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5530225293529529186" border="0" /></a>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-12322348993161072772010-10-18T13:42:00.008-03:002010-10-18T17:04:40.726-03:00Ciclo de Conferencias de Teoría Política - Universidad de Buenos Aires y EDENA - 28 de octubre; 4, 11 y 18 de noviembre<span style="font-size:130%;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHsuJwJAFVDdATVsNRgRsSPm3Rf08ftTUyFkqzHe_sJ9hjHVR_jxIpUqCZhWwjgw9hE_hQkQ1rM9iDqRAjVdxrQEtEMjOLMXQEVwRo5KF6hJ_h7-2GNoNyXgyWz7lMpCVhVCGnzPklE_et/s1600/tp.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 343px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHsuJwJAFVDdATVsNRgRsSPm3Rf08ftTUyFkqzHe_sJ9hjHVR_jxIpUqCZhWwjgw9hE_hQkQ1rM9iDqRAjVdxrQEtEMjOLMXQEVwRo5KF6hJ_h7-2GNoNyXgyWz7lMpCVhVCGnzPklE_et/s400/tp.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5529428178706956338" border="0" /></a></span><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size:180%;">Ciclo de Conferencias </span><span style="font-size:180%;">de Teoría Política<br /><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size:130%;">(abierto y gratuito)<br /><br />UBA-EDENA<br /><br />Maipú 262 – Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires<br /></span></div><br /><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Encuentros: Cuatro juev</span><span style="font-size:100%;">es de 19 a 21 horas<br />(28 de octubre; 4, 11 y 18 de noviembre)<br /><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">Auspiciado por la Carrera de Ciencia Política, UBA<br />Se otorgarán certificados de asistencia<br /><br />Cronograma<br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha5KyeIrGogrzYUQoOzNc9cfImcG-PI-EghZWqeNd9eOpRHf4xFUy0pMv-jVN510gRO_vgCyeI_6-DF2r4YTS9x0PRvgwDOZl5B-kA9a-_A23zc8FvDzdNv3sHtUlyCsApz_XVhsFuIyxS/s1600/cronograma.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 280px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha5KyeIrGogrzYUQoOzNc9cfImcG-PI-EghZWqeNd9eOpRHf4xFUy0pMv-jVN510gRO_vgCyeI_6-DF2r4YTS9x0PRvgwDOZl5B-kA9a-_A23zc8FvDzdNv3sHtUlyCsApz_XVhsFuIyxS/s400/cronograma.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5529478639149658530" border="0" /></a>(click sobre la imagen para ver en detalle)<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Inscripción en: seminarioteoriapolitica@ho</span><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="word_break"></span><span style="font-weight: bold;">tmail.com </span><br /></div>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-16512762561122273262010-10-17T01:07:00.003-03:002010-10-17T01:12:56.273-03:00Novedades Editoriales de Trotta Editorial: "La Filosofía Existencial de Martin Heidegger" de Edith Stein - "Hermenéutica y Subjetividad" R. Rodríguez<div class="foto"> <img src="http://www.trotta.es/cache/img/26737/49/0/X=185;Y=999;M=A;S=1;SS=7;" /><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="interior" id="subseccion"> <div class="autor"><a href="http://www.trotta.es/pagina.php?cs_id_pagina=15&cs_id_contenido=10777">Edith Stein</a></div> <div class="titulo">La filosofía existencial de Martin Heidegger</div> <div class="rol">Presentación de <a href="http://www.trotta.es/pagina.php?cs_id_pagina=15&cs_id_contenido=10800">Carmen Revilla</a></div><br /><br />En apéndice a la obra de Edith Stein <em>Ser finito y ser eterno</em> (1936) —reactualización de la <em>philosophia perennis</em> con ayuda del método fenomenológico— se recoge «La filosofía existencial de Martin Heidegger», un diálogo con los principales escritos del filósofo hasta esa fecha. Valiosa presentación del pensamiento heideggeriano, en ella Edith Stein procede a una revisión crítica del planteamiento de la cuestión del ser. A través del examen de la aportación y las insuficiencias de los análisis de Heidegger en temas clave como la finitud, la temporeidad, la trascendencia o la nada, Stein se encamina desde la doctrina del ser a una doctrina de la persona.<br /><br /><br /> <div class="foto"> <img src="http://www.trotta.es/cache/img/26502/49/0/X=185;Y=999;M=A;S=1;SS=7;" /> </div><br /> <div class="autor"><a href="http://www.trotta.es/pagina.php?cs_id_pagina=15&cs_id_contenido=26501">Ramón Rodríguez</a></div> <div class="titulo">Hermenéutica y subjetividad</div> <div class="menu_marco"> <div class="der"> <a href="http://www.trotta.es/pagina.php?cs_id_pagina=13&cs_id_contenido=26502&recomendar=1" class="recomendar inactivo">Recomendar</a> </div> <div class="izq"> <a href="http://www.trotta.es/pagina.php?cs_id_pagina=13&cs_id_contenido=26502" class="bg activo">sinopsis</a> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.trotta.es/ficheros/0017/00001934fegfq.pdf" class="bg inactivo">índice</a> </div> </div><br /><br /><em>Hermenéutica y subjetividad</em> es una reflexión independiente, sin adscripciones de escuela, sobre los dos temas esenciales del pensamiento hermenéutico contemporáneo: su propia consistencia como teoría universal de la comprensión y su crítica de la subjetividad moderna. Ambos momentos reciben su verdadera fuerza del pensamiento de Martin Heidegger, con el que se establece un diálogo crítico constante.<br /><br />En su primera parte, son las bases teóricas de la hermenéutica de la modernidad y su aplicación a los grandes clásicos de la filosofía de la subjetividad, como Kant y Husserl, lo que se analiza y discute. La segunda parte, completamente nueva en esta edición, intenta ir más allá de la crítica y descubrir un concepto hermenéutico latente de subjetividad, a la vez que se adentra en la idea de interpretación fenomenológica, en su verdad y su alcance. <br /></div> </div>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-11016458744602473292010-09-01T18:37:00.002-03:002010-10-13T20:01:39.917-03:00Ernest Renan: ¿Qué es una nación?<div style="text-align: justify;"><!--[if !mso]> <style> v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:hyphenationzone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" latentstylecount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults ext="edit" spidmax="2062"> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout ext="edit"> <o:idmap ext="edit" data="1"> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section1"><div style="text-align: center;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.8pt 192.85pt 0.0001pt 192pt; text-align: center;">Ernest Renan</p><div style="text-align: center;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.05pt; line-height: 14pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span></p><div style="text-align: center;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 115.15pt 0.0001pt 114.4pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 20pt;">¿QUÉ<span style="letter-spacing: -0.45pt;"> </span>ES<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span>UNA<span style="letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="">NACIÓN?</span></span></p><div style="text-align: center;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.9pt; line-height: 13pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 13pt;"> </span></p><div style="text-align: center;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 91.1pt 0.0001pt 90.35pt; line-height: 11.3pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; position: relative; top: 0.5pt;">[<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">C</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">n</span>f<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>re<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">n</span>cia<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>dicta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">d</span>a en la Sorbo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">n</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>Par<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">í</span>s, el 11 <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">d</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>arzo de 1<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">8</span>8<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">2</span>]</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.15pt; line-height: 8pt;"><span style="font-size: 8pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p>Me<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>propongo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>analizar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>ustedes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>idea,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>apariencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>clara,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>que,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>sin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>embargo, se pre<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>ta a los <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás peli<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>rosos eq<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>í<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>ocos. Las for<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as de la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>ociedad h<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ana son muy<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>variadas.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>Las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>grandes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>aglo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>eraciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>hombres,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">l</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>China, de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Egipto, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>antigua<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Babilo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>ia;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>t<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>ibu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los heb<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">á</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>bes;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la ciudad a la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anera de Atenas y de Esparta; las reuniones de países diversos al <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span>do del i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>aque<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>énide,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ano,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 2.8pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>carolingio;<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>unidades<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>sin patria,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>antenidas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lazo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>religioso,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>israelitas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ar</span>sis;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las naciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>como<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Francia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Inglaterra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ayor<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>parte de las modernas autono<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ías europeas; las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>confederaciones,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Suiza,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de A<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>érica;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>parentescos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>raza,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás bien la lengua, establece e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>tre las difere<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es ra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as de ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anos y las difere<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>es ra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as de eslavos; he ahí <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>odos de agrupación que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>existen, o han exist<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>do, y que no se podrían confundir unos con otros sin los <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">á</span>s serios inc<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">o</span>nvenientes. En la época de la Revolución francesa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>creía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>itucio<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pequeñas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ciudades<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>independientes, t<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>les<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o Esparta y <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">R</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a, podían aplicarse a nuestras gr<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">a</span>ndes nacio<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>es de treinta a cuare<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>ta <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>illones de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>nuestros<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>días,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ete<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>error<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>grave:<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>conf<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>nde<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>la nación,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>atribuye<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>grupos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>etnográficos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">á</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>bien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>lingüísticos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>soberanía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>análoga a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pueblos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>real<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>existentes.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Tratemos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lle<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cierta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>preci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>ón<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en estas difíciles cuestiones, en las que la menor confusión sobre el sentido de las palabras en el origen<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>razona<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>ento<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>puede<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>producir,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>fin<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">a</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>funestos<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>errores.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">L</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>que va<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hacer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>delicado;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>casi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>vivisección;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tratar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>viv<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>como ordinaria<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente se trata a los <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uertos. Pondremos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ello<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>frialdad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>parcialidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">á</span>s absoluta. <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.35pt; line-height: 14pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 1.45pt 223pt 0.0001pt 222.2pt;">I</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 5.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">Desde<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ano,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ejor, desde<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>des<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>bración<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de Carlo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>agno,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Europa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>occidental nos aparece dividida en naciones, algunas de las cuales, en ciertas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>épocas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>procurado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>ejercer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>heg<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>monía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>otras,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>sin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>nunca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>lograrlo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>de un <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>odo duradero. Lo que no han podido Carlos Quinto, Luís XIV, Napoleón I, probable<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente nadie lo podrá en el porven<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">i</span>r. El estableci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>iento de un nuevo imper<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">i</span>o ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ano<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>nuevo i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Carlo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>agno<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>llega<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>posibili<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>ad.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>La división<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Europa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>asiado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>grande<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>para que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tentativa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>do<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">i</span>nación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>universal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no provoque<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>muy<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>rápida<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>coalición<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>haga<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>volver<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>entrar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>nación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>biciosa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>en</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section2"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.75pt 3.8pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">sus confines naturales. Una especie de equil<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>brio es establecido p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>r largo tie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>po. Francia, Inglaterra, Ale<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ania, Rusia serán aún, durante cientos de años, y a pesar de las aventuras que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>corran,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>individualidades<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>históricas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>piezas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>esenciales de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tablero,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cuyos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>escaques varían sin cesar de i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>portancia y de ta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>ño, sin confundirse, e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pero, j<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span>más del todo.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">Las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>naciones,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>entendidas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>este<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>modo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>algo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>bastante<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nuevo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en la historia. La antigüedad no las conoció; Egipto, China, la antigua Caldea no fueron naciones en ningún grado.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Eran<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>multitudes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>uiadas por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hijo del <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">S</span>ol<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un hijo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Cielo.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">N</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hubo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ciu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>adanos egipcios<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>así<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hay<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ciudadanos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>chinos. La antigüedad clásica tuvo repúblicas y realezas<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">u</span>nicipales,<span style=""> </span>confederaci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>nes<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>re<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">p</span>úblicas<span style=""> </span>locales,<span style=""> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>peri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s;<span style=""> </span>apenas<span style=""> </span>tuvo<span style=""> </span>la nación el sentido en que nosotros la co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">p</span>rende<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os. A<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">t</span>enas, Esparta, Sidón, Tiro son pequeños<span style=""> </span>centros<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>rable<span style=""> </span>patriotis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o;<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>pero<span style=""> </span>son<span style=""> </span>ciudad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">e</span>s<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>con<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>un<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>territorio relativa<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>estrecho. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Galia, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>España, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Italia<span style=""> </span>—antes <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>su <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>absorción <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>en <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ano—<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">e</span>ran<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>conjuros<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pueblos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enudo ligados entre sí, pero sin instituciones centrales,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>sin<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>dinastías.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>El<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>asirio,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>imperio<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>persa,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>Alejandro<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>no fueron<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>poco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>patrias.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Ja<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hubo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>patriotas asirios;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>persa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>vasto feudalis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Ninguna<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>vincula<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>orígenes con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>colosal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>avent<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">u</span>ra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Alejandro,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que fue, sin e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bargo, tan rica en consecuencias p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>ra la historia gener<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>l de la civilización.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ano<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>estuvo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ucho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">á</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>cerca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>patria.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>reco<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pensa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el in<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enso<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>beneficio<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>cese<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>guerras,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>do<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>inación<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ana<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>—por<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>pronto,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>tan dura— fue muy rápida<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente deseada. Fue una gran asociación, sinónimo de orden, paz y civilización. En los últimos tie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pos del i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>per<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">i</span>o hubo en las al<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as elevadas, en los obispos ilustrados, en los letrados, un verdadero sen<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">t</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>iento de “la paz ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ana”, opuesta al caos a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enazante de la barbarie. Pero un i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio, doce veces <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ayor que la actual Francia, no podía<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>for<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>Estado<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>acepción<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>oderna.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.05pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>escisión<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>Orie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>Occidente era<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ine<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>itable.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ens<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>yos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>imperio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>gal<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>lo III,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">vi</span>eron<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>buen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">é</span>xito.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>La invasión ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ánica es la que introdujo en el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>undo el principio que, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás tarde, ha servido de base a la existencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de las nacionalidades.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">¿Qué<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hicieron<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pueblos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ánicos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en efecto,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>desde<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>grandes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>invasiones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del siglo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>V<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hasta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>últi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>conquistas no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>andas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>X?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Cambiaron<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>poco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fondo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las razas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pero i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pusieron<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>dinastías<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>aristocracia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilitar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>partes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enos considerables<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>antiguo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Occid<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">en</span>te,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>ales to<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>aron<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sus invasores.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ahí<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Francia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Burgundia, una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Lo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bardía;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tarde,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Nor<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span>ndía. La rápida preponderancia que to<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>rio franco rehace un <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span>nto la unidad del Occidente; pero este i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio se quiebra irre<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ediable<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente hacia <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ed<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">i</span>ados del siglo IX; el Tratado de Verdún traza divis<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>ones en principio in<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>utables, y desde entonces Francia, Ale<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ania, Inglaterra, Italia, España se enca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">m</span>inan por vías a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enudo s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">i</span>nuosas y a través de <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>il aventuras, a su plena existencia nacion<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>l, tal co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o la vemos desplegarse hoy día.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">¿Qué<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>caracteriza,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en efecto,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>estos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>diferentes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Estados?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fusión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los pueblos que los co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ponen. En los q<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>e acaba<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os de enu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>erar no hay nada análogo a lo que encontrarán ustedes en <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">T</span>urquía, donde el turco, el e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>lavo, el griego, el ar<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enio, el árabe, el sirio, el kurdo son tan distint<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s hoy día co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en el de la conquista. Dos circunstancias esenciales <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>contribuyeron <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>este <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>resultado. <span style=""> </span>Ante <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>todo, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>hecho <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>que <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>los <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>pueblos ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ánicos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>adoptaron<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>cristianis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>desde<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>tuvieron<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>contactos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>poco<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>seguidos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>con los pueblos griegos y latinos. Cuando el vence<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">d</span>or y el vencido son de la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">is</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a religión o, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>bien,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">c</span>uando<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>vencedor<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>adopta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>religi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">ó</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>vencido,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>siste<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>turco,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>distinción</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section3"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.75pt 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">absoluta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>entre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bres<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>partir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la religión,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>puede<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>produci<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>se <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás. La segunda circunstancia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>fue,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>parte<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>conquistadores,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>olvido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>propia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>lengua.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>Los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>nietos de Clovis, de Alarico, de Gudebando, de Alb<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span>in, de Rollón hablaban ya ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ance. Este <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>era<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>consecuencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>otra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span>rticul<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>ridad i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>portant<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span>ra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">nc</span>os,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los burgundios, los godos, los lo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bardos, los nor<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>ndos tenían muy pocas mujeres de su raza con ellos. Durante varias generaciones, los jefes no se casan sino con mujeres ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ana<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span>; pero sus concubinas son latinas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nodrizas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>niños<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>latinas; toda la tribu se casa con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ujeres<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>latinas;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>hizo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><i>lingua<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>francic<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span></i>,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span><i>lingua<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>gothica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span></i>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>tuvieran<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>desde el<span style=""> </span>estableci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>ento<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>los<span style=""> </span>francos<span style=""> </span>y<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s<span style=""> </span>godos<span style=""> </span>en<span style=""> </span>tierras<span style=""> </span>r<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anas<span style=""> </span>sino<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uy<span style=""> </span>cortos destinos.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>No<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>así<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">I</span>nglaterra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>porque<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la invasión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>anglosajona<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>llevaba,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>duda,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>mujeres con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ella;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>población<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>bretona<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>huyó y,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>otra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>parte,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lat<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">í</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>era<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ya<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>—incluso,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>fue nunca—<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>do<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>nante<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Bretaña.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hubiera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hablado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>general<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente galo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Galia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el siglo V, Clovis y los suyos no hubiesen abandonado el ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ánico por el galo.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.65pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">De<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>ahí,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>este<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>resultado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>apit<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>l:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">x</span>tre<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>violencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">os</span>tu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bres<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>de los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>invasores<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>olde<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ellos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">m</span>pusieron llegó a ser, con los siglos, el molde <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ismo de la nación. Francia llegó a ser <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uy legíti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente el no<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bre de un país do<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>de no había<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>entrado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sino<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>imperceptible<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>inoría<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de francos.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">E</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>glo X,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>eras canciones<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>gesta,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>espejo<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>tan<span style=""> </span>perfecto<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>espíritu<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>tie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>po,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>todos<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>los habitantes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Francia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>franceses.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>idea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>diferencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>razas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>población<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de Francia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>evidente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Grego<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>io<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Tours,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span>presenta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ningún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>gra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">d</span>o en los escritores y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>poetas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>franceses<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>posterior<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>Hugo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>Capeto.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>diferencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>entre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>noble<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>villano es<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>ace<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>tua<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>ta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>to<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>posible;<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>pero<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>d<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">i</span>ferencia<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>entre<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>uno<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ro<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>en absoluto<span style=""> </span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>a<span style=""> </span>diferencia<span style=""> </span>étnica;<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>es<span style=""> </span>una<span style=""> </span>difere<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>cia<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>coraje,<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>há<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>to<span style=""> </span>y<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>ed<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>cación trans<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>itida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>hereditariamente;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>idea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>igen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>esto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>sea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>conqui<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>se le ocurre a nadie. El falso siste<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span>egún el cual la nobleza debe su ori<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>en a un privile<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>io conferido<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>rey<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>grandes<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>servicios<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>prestados<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>nación<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>—de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anera<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>todo noble<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un ennoblecid<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>—<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>tablecido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>dog<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>partir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>XIII.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ismo pasó <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>con <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>serie <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>casi<span style=""> </span>todas <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>las <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>conquistas <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>nor<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>s. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Al <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>cabo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>una <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>o <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>dos generaciones, los invasores nor<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>andos ya no se distinguían del res<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o de la población; su influencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>había<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>profunda; habían<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>dado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>país<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>conquistado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nobleza, hábitos <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilitares, un p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>t<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>iotis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o que antes no tenía.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.65pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>olvido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>y,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>yo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>diría<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>incluso,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>error<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>histórico<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>factor<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>esencial<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>creación de una nación, y es así co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el progreso de l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s estudios históricos es a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enudo un peligro para<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>nacionalidad.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>investigación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>históri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">c</span>a, en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>efecto,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>vuelve<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>ner<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>bajo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>luz<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los hechos de violencia que han p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">a</span>sado en el origen de todas l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">a</span>s fo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>aciones políticas, hasta de aquellas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>yas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>consecuencias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>an sido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>benéficas. La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>unidad se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hace<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>ie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pre brutal<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente;<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>reunión<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>Francia<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>Norte<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>Francia<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>Mediodía<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>sido<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>el resultado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>exterminación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>terror continuado durante ca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>i un siglo. El rey de Francia, quien es, si <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es per<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>itido decirlo, el tipo ideal de un cristal<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>zador secular; el rey de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>Francia,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>quien<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>echo<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>perfecta<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>unidad<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>nacional<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>habido;<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>rey<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>de Francia, vi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>desde<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>asiado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cerca,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>ido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>estigio;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la nación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>él<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>había fo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>aldecido<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>y,<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>hoy<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>día,<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>sino<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>espíritus<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>cultivados<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>quienes<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>saben<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>lo que él valía y lo que ha hecho.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">Esas grandes leyes de la his<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>oria de Europa occidental llegan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>percepti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span>les<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>r contra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>e.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">M</span>uchos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>países<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>fracasado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>empresa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>rey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>Francia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>—en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>parte<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>por</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section4"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.75pt 3.3pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>tiranía,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>parte<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>ju<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>ti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>ia—<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>lle<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>cabo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>tan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>irable<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>Bajo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>corona de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>San<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>Esteban,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>agiares<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>eslavos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>h<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>per<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anecido<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>tan<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>iferentes<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>eran hace<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ochocientos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>años. Lejos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>f<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>ndir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ele<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>entos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>diversos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>do<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>inios,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>casa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de Habsburgo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>antenido<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>diferentes<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enudo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>opuestos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>unos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>respecto<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>los otros.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>En Bohe<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ele<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ento<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>checo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>án<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>están<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>superpuestos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>aceite<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el agua<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>vaso.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>política<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>turca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sep<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">a</span>ración de las nacionalida<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">d</span>es a partir de la religión<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>tenido<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>consecuencias<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>mucho<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>grave<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>:<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>causado<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>ruina<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>Oriente. Piensen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ustedes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ciudad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>como<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Salónica o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Es<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>rna;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>encontrarán<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>allí<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cinco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>seis co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>unidades,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cuales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tiene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sus recuerdos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>existiendo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>entre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ellas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>casi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nada en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ún.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Ahora<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>bien,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>esencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>nación consiste<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>todos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>individuos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tengan muchas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cosas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ún,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bién<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que todos hayan olvidado <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uchas cosas. Ningún ciudadano<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>francés<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>sabe<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>burgundio,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>alano,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>taífalo,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>v<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>sigodo;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>todo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>ciudadano<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>francés debe<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>haber<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>olvidado<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>noche<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>San<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>Bartolo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>é,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ata<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">n</span>zas<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>Mediodía<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>siglo XIII.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>No<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>h<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>F<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>ancia diez <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>ed<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>nistr<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pr<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>eba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>igen <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>anc<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>, e inclusive tal prueba esencial<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente defect<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>osa, a co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ns</span>ecuencia de <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>il cruza<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ientos desconocidos que puedan desco<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>poner todos los siste<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as de los genealogistas.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">La nación moderna, es, pues, un resultado histórico producido por una serie de hechos que convergen en el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">is</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o sentido. Unas veces la unidad ha si<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>o realizada por una dinastía, c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>mo es el caso de Francia; otras veces lo ha sido por la voluntad directa de las provincias, co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o es el caso de Holanda, Suiza, Bélgica; otras, por un espíritu general tardía<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente vencedor de los caprichos del f<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>udalis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o, como es el caso de Italia y de Ale<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ania. Una profunda razón de ser ha pre<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>idido sie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pre esas for<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>aciones. En casos parecidos,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>principios<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>abren<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>paso<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>tra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>és<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>sorpresas<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">á</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>inespera<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>as.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>En nuestros<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>días,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>he<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>vi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">st</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Italia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>unificada por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>derrotas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Turquía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>d<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>olida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sus victorias.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Cada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>derrota<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>contribuía al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>progreso<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>asuntos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Italia;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>victoria<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>perdía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a Turquía; porque Italia es una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nación, y Turquía, fuera del Asia Menor, no lo es. Es de Francia la gloria de haber procla<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ado, a tra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>és de su Revolución, que una nación existe por sí<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>No<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>debe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>parecernos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>nos imite.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Nuestro<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>incipio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>naciones. Pero <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span>qué e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span>, pues, una nación?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span>Por qué Holanda es una nación, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>entras que Hannover o el Gran Ducado de Par<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a no lo son?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span>Cómo Francia persiste en s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">e</span>r una nación cuando el principio que la ha creado ha desaparecid<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">o</span>?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>¿Có<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o Suiza, que tiene tres lenguas, dos religiones, tres<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cuatro razas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>na<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nación,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>entras<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Toscana,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>eje<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>plo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tan ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ogénea,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>¿Por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>qué<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Austria<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un Estado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nación?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>qué<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>difiere<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el principio de las nacionalidades del principio de las razas?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>He ahí algunos puntos sobre los cuales un espíritu reflexivo tiene que fijar<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>e para ponerse de acuerdo consigo <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">is</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o. Los asuntos<span style=""> </span>del<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>undo<span style=""> </span>no<span style=""> </span>se<span style=""> </span>zanjan<span style=""> </span>a<span style=""> </span>través<span style=""> </span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>esta<span style=""> </span>especie<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>razona<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ientos;<span style=""> </span>pero<span style=""> </span>los ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bres<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cuidadosos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>quieren<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>introd<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>cir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>tas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>aterias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>racionalidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>desenredar las confusiones en que se e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>broll<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>n los espíritus superficiales.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 5.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 221pt 0.0001pt 220.15pt;">II</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 5.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">Si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>da<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>édito<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>ie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>tos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>teó<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>icos políticos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ante<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>todo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>dinastía,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que representa<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>antigua<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>conquista,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>aceptada<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">r</span>imera<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>después<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>olvidada<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>asa del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>pueblo.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>Según<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>políticos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>hablo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>agrupa<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>ento<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>provincias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>efectuado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>por</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section5"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.75pt 3.8pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">una dinastía —por sus guerras, por sus <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>atri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>onios, por sus tratados— concluye con la dinastía<span style=""> </span>que<span style=""> </span>la<span style=""> </span>ha<span style=""> </span>for<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ado.<span style=""> </span>Es<span style=""> </span>muy<span style=""> </span>verda<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">d</span>ero<span style=""> </span>que,<span style=""> </span>en<span style=""> </span>su<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ayor<span style=""> </span>parte,<span style=""> </span>las<span style=""> </span>naciones modernas<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>sido<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>he<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>has<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilia<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>origen<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span>eudal<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>desposado<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>el suelo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>sido,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>algún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>odo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>núcleo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>centralización.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>Los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>lí<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ites<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>Francia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>en</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.65pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">1789 no tenían nada de natural ni de necesario. La extensa zona que la casa de los Capetos había<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>re<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>trechos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>lindes<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>Tratado<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>Verdún<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>fue<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>adquisición<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>personal<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>de esta casa. En la época en que fueron hechas l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>s anexiones no se tenían ni la idea de los lí<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ites<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>naturales,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>derecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span>naciones, ni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>voluntad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>provincias.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>La reunión de Inglaterra, de Irlanda y de Esc<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>cia fue, del <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>smo <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>odo, un hecho dinástico. Italia ha tardado tan largo tie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>po en ser u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">n</span>a nación porque, de entre s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>s nu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>erosas casas reinantes, ninguna, antes de nuestro siglo, se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hizo centro de la unidad. <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">E</span>s algo extraño que haya<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>título<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>eal<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span>scura<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>Cerdeña,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>tier<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>apenas<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>italiana.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">H</span>olanda, que se ha creado a sí <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a, por acto de heroica resolución, ha contraído, sin e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bargo, un <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>aridaje<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ínti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>casa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Orange,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>correría<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>verdaderos peligros<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>día<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>esta unión fuere co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>etida.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">¿Es,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>sin<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>bargo,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>absoluta<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>ley<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>tal?<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>No,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>sin<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>duda.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>Suiza<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>Estados<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>Unidos, que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>for<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>como<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>conglo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>erados<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de adiciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sucesivas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tienen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ninguna<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>base dinástica.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Yo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>discuti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">r</span>ía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cuesti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ó</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>concierne a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Francia. Sería<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>eciso<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>oseer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el secreto del porvenir. Diga<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os sola<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente que esta gran realeza francesa había si<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>o tan alta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente nacional que, in<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ediata<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente después de su caída, la nación ha podido <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>antenerse sin ella. Por otra parte, el siglo XVIII había cambiado todo. El ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span>e había vuelto,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>después<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>siglos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>declinación,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>esp<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">í</span>ritu<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>antiguo,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>respeto<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>sí<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>la idea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>derechos.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>palab<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>as patria<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>dadano<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>habían<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>reco<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span>ra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>tid<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Así<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>a podido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>plirse<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>operación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>difícil<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>haya<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>practicada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la historia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>operación que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>parar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sería,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fisiología, la tentativa de hacer vivir en su pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>era identidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un cuerpo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hubiera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>quitado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cerebro<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>corazón.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>preciso,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pues, ad<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>itir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>puede<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>exi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>tir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ip</span>io<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>dinástico, y,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>asi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ismo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>naciones que han sido fo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>adas por dinas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>ías pueden separarse de ellas sin, por esto, dejar de existir. El viejo principio, que no to<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en cuenta sino el derecho de los prí<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">n</span>cipes, no podría ya ser sostenido; <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás allá del derecho dinástico, e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>tá el derecho nacional. ¿Sobre qué criterio fundar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>este<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>derecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nacional?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>qué<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>signo reconocerl<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>¿De qué he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">c</span>ho tangible hacerlo derivar?</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 5.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 242.2pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">I. De la raza, dicen <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uchos con seguridad.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">Las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>divisio<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>ti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>les<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>resultan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>feudalis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>atr<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>onios<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>príncipes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de congresos de diplo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>áticos, son caducas. Lo que per<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anece<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fir<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fijo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los pueblos. He ahí lo q<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>e constituye <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>n derecho, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>na le<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>ti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>dad. La fa<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilia ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ánica, por eje<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>plo, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>según <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>la <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>teoría <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>que<span style=""> </span>expongo, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>tiene <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>el <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>derecho <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>recuperar <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>los <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>embros esparcidos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>inclusive<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cuando esos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bros<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pidan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>reagruparse.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>El derecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ani<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>sobre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>tal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>provincia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>fuerte<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>derecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>habitantes de esta provincia sobre sí <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os. Se crea a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">s</span>í una especie de derecho primordial análogo al de los reyes de derecho divin<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">o</span>; el principio de las naciones es sustituido por el de la etnografía.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Hay<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ahí<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>error<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uy<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>grande<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que, si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>llega<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>do<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">i</span>nante,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>perdería<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la civilización<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>europea.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>edida<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">ri</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>naciones<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>justo<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>y</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section6"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.75pt 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">legíti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o, el derecho primordial de las razas es<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>estrecho y lleno de peligros para el verdadero progreso.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">En la tribu y la ciudad antiguas, el hecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de la raza tenía, lo reconoce<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os, una i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>portancia de pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>er orden. La tribu y la ciudad antiguas no eran sino una extensión de la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilia. En Esparta, en Atenas, tod<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s los ciuda<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>anos eran p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>rie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>tes en g<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>ados <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás o <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enos próxi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>Sucedía<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>mis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>entre<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"> </span>Beni-Israel;<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>así<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>aún<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>tribus<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>árabes.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>De Atenas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Esparta,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>t<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>ibu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>israelita,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>trasladé<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>onos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>al imperio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>romano.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>situación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pleta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>distinta.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>For<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>era<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>violencia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>antenida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>después<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el int<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>rés,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>sta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>gran<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span>ración<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>ciudades,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>provincias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">b</span>soluta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>diferentes,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>asesta a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>idea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>golpe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>portante. El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>cri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>tia<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>carácter<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>uni<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>ersal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>y absoluto,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>trabaja<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>aún<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>eficaz<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ismo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sentido.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Contrae<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>con el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ano una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>alianza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ínti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>efecto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>esos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>dos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">n</span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>parables<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>agentes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>unificación, la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>raza etnográfica<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>separada<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>d<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span>l gobierno y de las cosas hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anas por siglos.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>invasión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>bárbaros<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fue,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pesar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>arie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>cias,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un paso<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>esta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>vía. Los deslindes de los rei<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">n</span>os bárbaros no tienen nada de etnográfico; s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>n deter<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>inados por <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">l</span>a fuerza<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>capricho<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>invas<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>res.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>pueblos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span>ubordinaban<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>era<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span>para ellos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>indiferente.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Carlo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>agno<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>rehizo a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ya<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>había<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hecho:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>único<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>puesto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>diversas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>razas;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>autores<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">T</span>ratado de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">V</span>erdún, trazando imperturbable<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente sus dos grandes l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">í</span>neas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>norte<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sur,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tuvieron<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enor cuidado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>personas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>ntraban a la derecha o a la izq<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>ierda. Los ca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bios<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>frontera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>operaron<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la continuación de la Edad Media estuvieron, ta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bién,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>argen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> t</span>oda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tendencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>etnográfica. Si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>política<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>seguida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>casa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los Capetos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>llegado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>agrupar,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>bajo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>Francia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>ter<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>it<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>rios<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>antigua<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>Galia</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.8pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">—poco <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás o <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>eno<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span>—, ello no es un efecto de la tendencia a reagruparse con sus congéneres que habrían tenido esos países. El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Delfinado, Bresa, Provenza, el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">F</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>anco Condado no se recordaban ya de un origen c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ún. Toda conciencia gala había perecido a partir del siglo II de nuestra era, y tan sólo por vía de erudición se ha reencontrado retr<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>spe<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>ti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente, en nuestros <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">í</span>as,<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>la individualidad del carácter galo.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">La consideración etnográfica, pues, no ha e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span>tado presente para nada en la constitución de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>aciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>odernas.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Francia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>céltica,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ibéri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ánica.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Ale<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ania<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ánica, céltica y eslava. Italia es el país de <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>brollada etnogra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">f</span>ía. Galos etruscos, pelasgos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>griegos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sin<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hablar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">c</span>hos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>otros<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ele<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>entos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cruzan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>allí<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>indescifrable <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ezcla. Las islas britá<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>icas en co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">nj</span>unto o<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span>recen una <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ezcla de sangre céltica y ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ana cuyas<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>proporciones<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>singular<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente difíciles de definir.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>verdad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>hay<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>ra, y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>acer<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>reposar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>olítica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span>re<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>análi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>is etnográfico es hacerla montar sobre una quimera. Los más nobles <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>aíses —In<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>laterra, Francia, Italia— son a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">q</span>uellos don<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e la san<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>re está <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás mezcla<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>a. ¿Represe<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>ta <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">A</span>le<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ania respecto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>esto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>excepción?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span>Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>país<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ánico puro? ¡Qué ilusión! Todo el sur ha sido galo. Todo el este, a partir del Elba, es eslavo. Y las partes que pretenden ser real<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente puras,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>efecto?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Toca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>aquí<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>uno<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>proble<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sobre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cuales<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>porta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás hacer<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>e ideas claras y e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>itar equívocos.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.8pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">Las discu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>nes sobre las razas son inter<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>inables<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>porque<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>palabra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ada por los historiadores filólogos y por l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span>s antropólogos fisiólogos en dos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span>entidos co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>plet<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>diferentes.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>Para<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>antropólo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>os,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>tiene<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ismo<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>sentido<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>en</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section7"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.75pt 3.45pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">zoología; indica una descendencia real, un parentesco por la sangre. Ahora bien, el estudio de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lenguas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>historia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>conduce<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>d<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">i</span>visiones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fisiología.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Las palabras<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>braquicéfalo,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>dolicocéfalo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>tienen<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>cabida<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>historia<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>filología.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>el grupo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>humano<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>creó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>len<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">g</span>uas y la disciplina arias, había<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ya<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>braquicé<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">f</span>alos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y dolicocéfal<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Otro<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tanto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hay<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>decir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>d<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>grupo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>itivo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>creó las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lenguas y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las instituciones<span style=""> </span>lla<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>adas<span style=""> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>íticas.<span style=""> </span>En<span style=""> </span>otros<span style=""> </span>tér<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>inos,<span style=""> </span>los<span style=""> </span>orígenes<span style=""> </span>zoológicos<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>la hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>enor<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>anter<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ores a los de la cultura, de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>civilización,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lenguaje. Ninguna unidad fisi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ó</span>gica tenían los grupos arios, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>íticos, turani<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>itivo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>. Estas agrupaciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hech<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hist<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ó</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>icos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tenido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lugar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cierta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>época, suponga<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>hace quince o veinte <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>il años, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>entras que el ori<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">g</span>en zoológico de la hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anidad se pierde en tinieblas i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>calculables. Lo que se lla<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a fil<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>lógica<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente e histórica<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente la raza ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ánica es,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>segura<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">fa</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>bien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span>erenciada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>esp<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>cie<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ana.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>Pero<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilia en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>sentido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>antropológico?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>No,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>seguridad.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">L</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>aparición<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>individualidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ánica en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>historia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ocurre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sino<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uy<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pocos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sig<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ant<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de Jesu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>ri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>to.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Evidente<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anos<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span>gido<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>tierra<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>esta<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>época.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>Antes<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>ésta,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>fundidos<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>los eslavos en la gran <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>asa indistinta <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e los escitas, no tenían su individualidad aparte. Un inglés es señalada<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente un tipo en el conjunto de la hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anidad. Ahora bien, el tipo de lo que<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>llama<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uy<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span>opia<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>ang<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>osajona,<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>bretón<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>tiempo<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>de César, ni el anglosajón <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e Hengisto, ni el da<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>és <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e Canuto, ni el nor<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ando de Guillermo <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span>l Conquistador;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>resultante<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>todo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>eso.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">E</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>francés<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>galo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>franco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span>burgundio. Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>salido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>gran<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>caldera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>donde, bajo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>presidencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>rey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Francia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>han fe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>entado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>juntos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ele<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>entos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">á</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>diversos. Un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>habitante<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Jersey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Guernesey<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no difiere en <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>ada, en lo <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">q</span>ue a los orígenes se re<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">f</span>iere, de la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>oblación n<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anda de la costa vecina.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>siglo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>XIX,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ojo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>penetrante no habría captado la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás ligera diferencia en los <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>dos <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>la<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>os <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>del <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>canal. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Insignificantes<span style=""> </span>circ<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>nstancias <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>acen <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>que <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">F</span>elipe <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Augusto <span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>no conquiste esas islas con el resto de No<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>andía. Separados los unos de los otros desde hace casi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>setecientos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>añ<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>dos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>han lle<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">g</span>ado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sola<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>extranj<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>ros el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>uno respecto del otro, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>ino co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pleta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente di<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>í<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>iles. La raza, c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>mo la ente<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os nosotros los historiad<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>res, es, pues, algo que se hace y se des<span style="letter-spacing: -0.25pt;">h</span>ace.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>est<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>dio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>capital<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>para<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el docto que se ocupa de la hist<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>ria <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e la hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anidad. No tiene aplic<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>ci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ó</span>n en políti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>a. La conciencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>instintiva<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ha <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>esi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>ido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>confecc<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ón<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>apa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Europa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tenido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> e</span>n cuenta para nada la raza, y las primeras nac<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ones de Europa son de sangre esencial<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ezclada.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.6pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>hecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>raza,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>capital<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">g</span>en,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>va, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>ues,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>progresiva<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>perdiendo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>portancia. La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>historia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ana<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>difiere<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>esenc<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">i</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>zoología.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>todo, co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>entre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>roedores<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>felinos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tiene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>derecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ir por el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>undo, tentar el cráneo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>gentes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>después<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>arlas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>cuello<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>diciéndoles: “¡Tú<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>eres<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>nuestra sangre;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tú<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>perteneces!”<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Fuera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>caracteres antropológicos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>existen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>razón,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la justicia, lo verdadero, lo bello, que son i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>énticos para todos. Mirad que esa política etnográfica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>segura.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Ustedes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>explotan hoy<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>día<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>contra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>otros;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>después<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>verán volverse<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>contra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ustedes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">is</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>os.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>¿No<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cierto que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ale<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span>nes,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>alto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>levantado la bandera de la etnografía, no querrían que los esl<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>vos lleguen a analizar, a su vez, los no<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bres de aldeas de S<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>jonia y de Lusacia, e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>driñen las <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>uell<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>s de los witizos o de los obodritas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pidan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cuenta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>asacres<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ventas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>asa<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>antepasados<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que hicieron los Otones?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Para el bien de todos es <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ejor olvidar.</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section8"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.75pt 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">Me gusta mucho la etn<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>grafía; es u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>a cienc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>a de un raro interés; pero como la deseo libre,<span style=""> </span>la<span style=""> </span>deseo<span style=""> </span>sin<span style=""> </span>aplicación<span style=""> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>lítica.<span style=""> </span>En<span style=""> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>ografía,<span style=""> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>mo<span style=""> </span>en<span style=""> </span>todos<span style=""> </span>los<span style=""> </span>estudios,<span style=""> </span>los siste<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>cambian;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>condición<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>progre<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>o.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>¿C<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>biarían,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>pues,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>también<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>naciones con los siste<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Los lí<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ites de l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s estados s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">e</span>guirían las fluctuaciones de la ciencia. <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">E</span>l patriotis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>dependería<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>disertación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>paradójica.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>vendría<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>decir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>al patriota:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>“<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">U</span>sted<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>equivocó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>derra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ó<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sang<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>causa; creía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>celta.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>No, usted<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>ger<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ano”.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span>pués,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>diez<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>años<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>tar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">d</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>diría<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>eslavo..<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>Para<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>falsear la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ciencia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>dispensé<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>osla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>dicta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">m</span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>est<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s proble<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>q<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>están co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>etidos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>tere<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>es.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Pu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>den<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>uste<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>es tener<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>seguridad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>cargara proporcio<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ele<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>entos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>diplo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>acia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la sorprenderá <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">u</span>chas veces en flagrante delito de condescendencia. La cienc<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">i</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tiene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>algo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ejor que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hacer:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pregunté<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>osle<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uy si<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pl<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente la verdad.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 5.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">II.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>acabo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span>nifestar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>respecto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la raza,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>preciso<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>decirlo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>también<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lengua. La lengua invita a reunirse; no fuerza a el<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>o. Los Estados Unidos e Inglaterra, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Am</span>érica española<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>España<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hablan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">is</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lengua<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no fo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sola<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nación.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>contrario, Suiza, tan bien hecha —puesto que ha sido hecha a través del consenti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>iento de sus diferentes partes—, cuenta con tres o cuatro l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>nguas. Hay en el ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bre algo superior a la lengua: es la voluntad. <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">L</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>voluntad de Suiza de estar unida, a pesar de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la variedad de esos idio<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as, es un hecho mucho <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás importante que una semejanza de lenguaje obtenida a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enudo a través de vejaciones.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.45pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">Un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>honorable<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>para<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Francia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>consiste en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>buscado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ja<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>obtener<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la unidad de la lengua a través de <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>edidas de coerción. ¿No se puede tener los mis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os senti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ientos y los <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>os pensa<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ientos, a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ar las <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>as <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">c</span>osas en len<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>uajes diferentes? Hablába<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>hace un <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ento del inconvenie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>te que habría en hacer <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">de</span>pender la p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>lítica int<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>rnacio<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">na</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de la etnografía.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>No<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>habría<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hacerla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>depender<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>filología co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>parada. Deje<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os a estos interesantes estu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>ios la entera libertad de sus discusiones; no los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ezclemos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>eso que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>alteraría<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ellos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sereni<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>ad.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">L</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>portancia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>lítica<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se atribuye a las lenguas proviene de que se las <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ira co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o signos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>raciales. Nada más falso. Prusia,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>don<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>habla<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>ale<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>án,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>hacía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>esla<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>hace<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>alg<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>nos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>siglos;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>País de Gales habla inglés; Galia y España, el i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>io<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>itivo de Alba Longa; Egipto habla árabe; los eje<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>plos son innu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>erables. Así co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o en los orígenes, la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilitud de len<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>ua no entra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ñ</span>a la si<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilitud de raza. To<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span>mos la tribu <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">r</span>oto-aria o <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">pr</span>oto-se<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ita; se encontra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span>an allí esclavos que hablaban la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">is</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a lengua que s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">u</span>s a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os; ahora bien, el esclavo era entonces muy<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enudo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>diferente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Repitá<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>oslo:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>esas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>divisi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>nes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de lenguas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>oeuropeas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>íticas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>tras,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>crea<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>as con<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>irable<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sagaci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la filología comparada, no coinciden con las divisiones de la antropología. Las lenguas son fo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>aciones históricas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>indican<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>oco<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>acerca<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>san<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>re de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>aquellos que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span>lan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y que, en todo caso, no podrían encadenar la libertad hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ana cuando se trata de determinar la f<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilia con la cual uno <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>e une p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>ra la vida y para la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uerte.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">Esta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>consideración<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>exclusi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lengua<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>—como<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>atención excesiva concedida a la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>raza—<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tiene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>peligros<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>inconvenientes. Cuando<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cae<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>ageración<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>respecto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de ellas, uno se encierra en una cultura deter<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">m</span>inada, reputada por nacional; uno se limita, se enclaustra. Se abandona el aire<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>libre que se respira en el v<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>sto ca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>po de la hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anidad para encerrarse<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>conventículos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>patr<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">i</span>otas.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>Nada<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>peor<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>para<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>espíritu;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>nada<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">á</span>s</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section9"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.75pt 3.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">perjudicial para la civilización. <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">N</span>o abandon<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">e</span>mos ese principio funda<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ental de que el ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>racional<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>oral<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>antes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>encerrado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>tal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>lengua,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>antes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span>ser un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bro<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>esta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>aquella<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>raza,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>adherente de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cult<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>ra.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Antes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cult<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>ra francesa,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cult<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>ra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>alemana,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>lt<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>ra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>italiana,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>stá<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cult<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ur</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ana.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Ved<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>g<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>andes ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bres<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Renaci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>iento;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>eran<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>ceses ni italianos ni ale<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anes. H<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>bían reenco<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>tra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>través<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>trato<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>antigüedad,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>secreto<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>verdadera<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>educación del espíritu hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ano, y se consagraron a ella<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en cuerpo y al<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a. ¡Cuán bien hicieron!</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 5.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.65pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">III.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>reli<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>ión<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>podría<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>ta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>poco<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>ofrecer<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>b<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>suficiente<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>para<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>esta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span>eci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>ento<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>de una nacionalidad <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>oderna. En el origen, la r<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">e</span>ligión <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>antenía la existencia <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a del grupo social.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>grupo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>social<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>era<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>exte<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>sión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la fa<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilia. La religión, los ritos, eran los de la f<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilia. La reli<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>ión de <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">A</span>tenas era el culto <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e Atenas <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a, de sus fundadores <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ític<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s, de sus leyes, de sus usos. No i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>plicaba ninguna t<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>ología dog<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ática. Esta religión era, con toda la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>fuerza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tér<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ino,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>religión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Estado.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>No se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>era<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ateniense<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>rehusaba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>practicarla. Era en el fondo el culto de la Acrópolis perso<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">n</span>ificada. Jurar sobre el altar de Aglauro era prestar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>jura<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ento<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>morir<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>patria.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>E<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>ta reli<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>ión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>a el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>equi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">va</span>lente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>entre nosotros es el jugar a la suerte, o el culto a la bandera. Negarse a participar en tal c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>lto era, co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>sería<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>nuestras<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>socieda<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>modernas,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>ehusar<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>rvi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>io<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilit<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>r.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>Era<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>ar<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>q<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>e no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>era<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ateniense.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>otra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>rte,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>claro<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>q<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>tal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>lto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no tenía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sentido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>para<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>aquel<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no era de Atenas; ta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>poco se ejercía algún pro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>elitis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o para forzar a los extranjeros a aceptarl<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s esclavos <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e Atenas no lo pra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span>tica<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span>an. Ocurrió lo <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">s</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o en algunas pe<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">q</span>ueñas repúblicas de la Edad Media. No se era buen veneciano si no se juraba por San Marcos; no se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>era<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>buen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>alfitano<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ponía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>San <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">A</span>ndrés<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sobre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>todos los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>otros<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>santos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>del paraíso.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>esas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pequeñas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sociedades,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tarde<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>persecución,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tiranía,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>era legíti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>acarreaba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tan pocas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>ecuencias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hec<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>entre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>n<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">os</span>otros,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>felicitar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>al padre de fa<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilia por su santo y el pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>er día del año.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">Lo que era verdadero en Esparta, en Ate<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>as, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>o lo era <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">y</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás en los reinos q<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>e proceden de la conquista de A<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span>ejandro; sobre todo, no lo era <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás en el imperio ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ano. Las persecuciones<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>Antíoco<span style=""> </span>Epí<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">f</span>anes<span style=""> </span>para<span style=""> </span>introducir<span style=""> </span>en<span style=""> </span>el<span style=""> </span>Oriente<span style=""> </span>el<span style=""> </span>culto<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>Júpiter Olí<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pico, las del i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>perio ro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ano p<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>ra <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>antener una pretendida religión de Estado, fueron una falta, un cri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>en, una verdadera absurdi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>ad. En nuestros días, la situación es perfecta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>clara.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>No<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>hay<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>sas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>cre<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">a</span>n<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>nera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>unifor<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>e.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>Cada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>cree y practica a su antojo, lo que pueda, co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>quiere. No hay m<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">á</span>s religión de Estado; se puede ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>francés,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>inglés,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ale<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>án,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>siendo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>católico,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>protestante, israelita,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>practicando<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ningún culto.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>religión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>llegado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>algo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>indiv<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>d<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>al;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>ata<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ñ</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>sola<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>propia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>conciencia. La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>división<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>naciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en católicas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>protestantes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>existe<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>religión,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hace cincuenta y dos años fue un ele<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ento tan consi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">d</span>erable en la fo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ación de Bélgica, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>uarda toda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>portancia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fue<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>interno<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>habitantes;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pero ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>salido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>casi<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>entera<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de las razones que trazan los lí<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ites de los pueblos.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 5.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 4.1pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">IV.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>comunidad<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>intereses<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>es,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>con<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span>segu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span>idad,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>lazo<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>poderoso<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>entre<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>hombres.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">¿Bastan ellos, sin e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bargo, para hacer una nac<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ón?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>No lo creo. La co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">u</span>nidad de intereses produce<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>tratados<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ercio.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>Hay<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>nacionalidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>lado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span>sentimental;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>ella<span style="letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a y cuerpo a la vez; un Zollverein no es una patria.</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section10"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.1pt; line-height: 5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 1.45pt 3.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">V.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>geografía,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lla<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fronteras<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>naturales,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>contribuye co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>sidera<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span>le<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>por cierto en la división de las naciones. La geografía es uno de l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s factores esenciales de la historia.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>Los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>ríos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>nducido<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>razas;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>montañas<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>detenido.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>Los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>eros han favorecido los <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ovi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>entos históricos; l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>s segundas los han li<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>itado. <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span>Se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>puede decir, sin e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bargo, co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo creen ciertos partidos, que los lí<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ites de una nación están escritos sobre el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>apa y que esta nación tiene el derecho de apropiarse lo que sea necesario para redondear ciertos contornos, para alcanzar tal <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>on<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">t</span>aña, tal río, a los cuales se atribuye una especie <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>de <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>facultad <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>deli<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>itadora <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>priori? <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>No<span style=""> </span>conozco <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>doctrina <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>arbitraria <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>ni <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás funesta. Con ella se justifican todas las vio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span>encias. Y, desde luego, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span>son l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span>s <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ontañas o bien son los ríos los que for<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>an esas pretendidas <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>onteras<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>at<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>rale<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>disputa<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">b</span>le<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las montañas separan, pero los ríos, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás bien, reúnen. Y ade<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás todas las <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span>ntañas no podrían dividir<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>estados.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>¿Cuáles<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>aquellas<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>separan<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>cuá<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>aquellas<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>separan? De Biarritz a Tornea no hay dese<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">b</span>ocaduras de ríos que tengan <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>otras un carácter li<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ítrofe.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>historia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hubiera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>querido,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">L</span>oira,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Sena,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Mosa,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Elba,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Oder tendrían,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">t</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Rhin,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ese<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>carácter<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>frontera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>natural<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ha hecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>eter<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tantas transgresiones al derecho fund<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ental que es la voluntad de los hombres. Se habla de razones estratégicas.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Nada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>absol<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>to;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">l</span>aro que <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uchas concesiones deben ser hechas ante la necesidad. Pero no es preciso que esas concesiones v<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>yan de<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>asiado lejos. De otro modo, todo el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>undo apelará a sus conveniencias<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilitares, y eso sería la guerra <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>in fin. No, no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tierra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>raza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>hace<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una nación.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>tierra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>nistra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>substrato,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el ca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>po de la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lucha y del trabajo; el ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bre s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">u</span>ministra el al<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a. El hombre es todo en la fo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ación de esta cosa <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>agrada que <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>e lla<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pueblo.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Nada<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>aterial basta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>para<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ello.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Una nación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un princi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>io<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>espiritual,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>res<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>lta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>te<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>plicaciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>profundas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>historia, una f<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilia espiritual, <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>o un grupo deter<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>inado por la confi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>uración <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>uelo.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">Acaba<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>ver<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 2.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>basta<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>para<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>crear<span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"> </span>tal<span style="letter-spacing: 2.55pt;"> </span>pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>cipio<span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"> </span>espir<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>tual:<span style="letter-spacing: 2.55pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.55pt;"> </span>raza,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"> </span>la lengua,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>intereses,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>afini<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>ad<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>religio<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>eografía,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>nece<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>idades<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ilitares.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>¿Qué <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>pues,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>hace<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>falta?<span style="letter-spacing: 1.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">P</span>or<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>todo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>dicho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span>anteri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente,<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>sólo<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>resta<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>pedirles<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span>atención por un <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span>mento <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 219pt 0.0001pt 218.15pt;">III</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 5.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">Una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>principio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>espiritua<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">l</span>. Dos cosas que no fo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span>n sino una, a decir verdad, con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>titu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">y</span>en esta al<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a, este principio es<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>irit<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>al. Una está en el pa<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>ado, la otra en el presente. Una es la posesión en co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ún de un rico legado de recuerdos; la otra es el consenti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>ento actual, el deseo de vivir juntos, la voluntad de continuar haciendo valer la herencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>recibido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>ndivisa. El ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bre,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>señores,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>provisa.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nación,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>individuo,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>resultado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>largo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>pasado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>esfuerzos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>sacrificios<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.9pt;"> </span>desvelos. El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>culto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ante<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>asad<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>tre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>t<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>dos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>legíti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>antepasados<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>han<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo que<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>Un<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>pasado<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>heroico,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>grandes<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>ho<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">r</span>es,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span>oria<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>(se<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>entien<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>verda<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>era),<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span>e ahí<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>ital<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>social<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">br</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>asie<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>ta una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>idea<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>nacional.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Tener<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>glorias<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>unes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el pasado, una voluntad co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>ún en el presente; haber hecho g<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">r</span>andes cosas juntos, querer seguir haciéndolas <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>aún, <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>he <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>ahí <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>las <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>condiciones <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>esenciales <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>para<span style=""> </span>ser <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>un <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>pueblo. <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>Se <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span></span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"><span style=""> </span>e</span>n proporción a los sacrificios que se han consentido,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a los <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ales que se han sufrido. Se a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;" class="Section11"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.75pt 3.8pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">casa que se ha construido y que se trans<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ite. El canto espartano: “Somos lo que ustedes fueron, seremos lo que son”, es en su si<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>plicidad el hi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>no abreviado de toda patria.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pasado,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>herencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>gloria<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de pesares<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>partir;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>porvenir,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">is</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>progra<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>realizar;<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>haber<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>sufrido,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>g<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>zado,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>esperado<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>juntos,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>ahí<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>vale <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>aduanas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>unes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>fronteras<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>confor<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ideas estratégicas;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ahí<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>prende<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pesar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>diversidades<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>raza y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lengua.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Yo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>decía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>anterior<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>“haber sufrido juntos”; sí, el sufri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>iento en co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ún une <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás que el gozo. En lo tocante a los recuerdos nacionales, los duelos valen <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás que l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s t<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>iun<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span>os; <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">p</span>orque i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">m</span>ponen deberes; piden el esfuerzo en co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ún.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.45pt; line-height: 5.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.65pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">Una nación es, pues, u<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>a gran s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>li<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>aridad, con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>tit<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>ida<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>l<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>senti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>iento<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ac</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">r</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span>ici<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>s que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ha<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>aquellos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>todavía<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>tá<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>dispuesto a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hacer. Supone<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pasado;<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sin e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bargo, se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>resu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>e en el presente por un hecho tangible: el consenti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>iento, el deseo clara<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>expresado<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>continuar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>vida co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ún.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>existencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>nación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es (perdonad<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>esta<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>etáfora)<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>plebiscito<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>coti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">d</span>iano,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>existencia<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>individuo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>es una<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>afir<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>ón<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>perpetua<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>vida.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>¡Oh!<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>lo<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">é</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"> </span>esto<span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enos<span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>etafísico<span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"> </span>derecho divino,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>brutal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pretendido<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>derecho histórico.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>orden<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ideas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>os expongo, una nación no tiene, co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o ta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>poco un rey, el derecho de decir a una provincia: “Me perteneces, te to<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span>”. Para nosotros, una p<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">r</span>ovincia es sus habitantes; si en e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>te asunto alguien<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>tiene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>derecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>ser<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>consultado,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>este<span style="letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>habitante.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span>Una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>nación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>tiene<span style="letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span>ja<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>verdadero<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>interés<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>anexar<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>o<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>rete<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>er a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>país<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>contra<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>voluntad.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>El<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>voto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>las naciones<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es, en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>definitiva,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>único crit<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">e</span>rio<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>le<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>íti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>aquel<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>cual<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">em</span>pre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>necesario volver.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">He<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os expulsado de la política l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>s abstracciones <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>etafísicas y teológicas. ¿Qué queda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>desp<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>és<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>t<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Quedan<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">h</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bre, sus<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>deseos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sus necesi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>ades. La<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>sece<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">ó</span>n,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>me diréis, y, a la larga, el des<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>br<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">m</span>iento de las naciones s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>n la consec<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">u</span>encia de un siste<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a que<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>pone<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>esos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>viejos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>organis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>erced<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>voluntades<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enudo<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>poco<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>ilustradas.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span>Es claro que en parecida <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ateria ningún principio debe ser extre<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ado hasta el exceso. Las verdades<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>este<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>orden<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>son<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>aplicables<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>sino en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>conjunto<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span>nera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uy<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>general. Las voluntades hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">a</span>s ca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bian; pero <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">¿</span>qué es lo que no ca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>bia en este bajo <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>undo?<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Las naciones no son algo eterno. Han co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enzado,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ter<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>inarán. La con<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">f</span>ederación europea, probable<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ree<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>plazará.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Pero<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la ley<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>del<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>siglo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>vivi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>hora presente,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>existencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>aci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>nes<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>bu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">en</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">c</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span>usive neces<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">a</span>ria. Su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>existe<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>cia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la garantía de la libertad, que se perdería si<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>undo no tuviera<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span>sino una ley y un a<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">Por sus facultades diversas, a <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enudo opuestas, las naciones sirven a la obra co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ún de la ci<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">v</span>ilización; todas aportan una nota a este gran concierto de la hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anidad que, en su<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>alta<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>realidad<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ideal<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">q</span>ue<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>alca<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">n</span>zamos.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Aisladas,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>tienen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">u</span>s partes débiles. Me digo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>enudo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>un<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>individuo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que tuviera<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>defectos<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>considerados<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>como<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>cualidades<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>en las naciones —que se ali<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>entara de vanaglo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">r</span>ia, que fuera a propósito celoso, egoísta, pendenciero, que no pudiera soportar nada s<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">i</span>n desenvainar la espada— sería el <span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ás insoportable de los hombres. Pero todas esas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>disonancias de detalle desaparecen en el conjunto.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>¡<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">P</span>obre<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>hu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>anidad!<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>¡Cuánto<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>has<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>sufrido!<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>¡Cuántas<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>pruebas<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>te<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>esperan<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>todavía!</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.8pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt;">¡Pueda<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>espíritu<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>sabiduría<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>guiarte<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>para<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>preservarte<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>innu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>erables<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>peligros<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span>que tu ruta está <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">s</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>brada!</p> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"></span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-weight: bold;"> </span> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 3.75pt 3.7pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;">Resu<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>señores:<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>hombre<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>esclavo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ni <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>raza,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>lengua,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>su religión,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>cursos<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>l<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">o</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>ríos,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>ni<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>dirección<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>las<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>cadenas<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ontañas.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>Una gran<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>agregación<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>hombres,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>sana<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>espíritu<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>cálida<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>corazón,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>crea<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>conciencia moral<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>se<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>lla<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>nación.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Mientras<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>esta conciencia<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>moral<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>prueba<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>su<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>fuerza<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>por<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los sacrificios<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>que<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>exigen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>la<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>abdicación<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>del individuo<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>provecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>unidad,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span>es legíti<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>a, tiene el derecho a e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">x</span>istir. Si se pro<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uevan dudas sobre sus fronteras, consulten a los pueblos disputados. Tienen<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>pleta<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>ente<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>derecho<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>t<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">e</span>ner<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>una<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>opinión<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>asunto. He ahí lo que hará sonreír a los e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>inentes de la política, esos infalibles que pasan su vida engañándose y que, desde lo alto de sus pri<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">n</span>cipios superiores, se apiadan de nuestro prosaís<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>o.<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>“Consultar<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>los<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>pueblos,<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>¡qué<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">n</span>genuidad!<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>Estas<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>endeb<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">l</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>ideas francesas preten<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span>en remplazar la <span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">d</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">i</span>plo<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>acia y la guerra c<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>n una si<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>plicidad infantil”.</p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 3.75pt 0.0001pt 5.1pt; text-indent: 35.4pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;"><span style="position: absolute; z-index: -1; left: 0px; margin-left: 112px; margin-top: 196px; width: 189px; height: 2px;"><img src="file:///C:/Users/Facu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image003.gif" width="189" height="2" /></span>Espere<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os, señores; deje<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os<span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span>pasar el reino de los <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>inentes; sepa<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>os sufrir el desdén<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span>los<span style=""> </span>fuertes.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>Tal<span style=""> </span>vez,<span style=""> </span>después<span style=""> </span>de<span style=""> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>uchos<span style=""> </span>tanteos<span style=""> </span>infructuosos,<span style=""> </span>se<span style=""> </span>volverá<span style=""> </span>a nuestras<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">o</span>destas<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>soluciones<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>píricas.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>El<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">m</span>edio<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>de<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>tener<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>razón<span style="letter-spacing: 2.4pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>el<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>porvenir<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>es,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>en ciertas h<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">o</span>ras, saber resi<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">g</span>narse a estar pasado de moda.</p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0.3pt; line-height: 5.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"> </span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: 5.9pt; line-height: 13.55pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; position: relative; top: 0.5pt;">ERNEST<span style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span>RENAN<span style="letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span></span><span style="position: relative; top: 0.5pt;">– 1882</span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 1.7pt 0cm 0.0001pt 5.1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><br /><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"></span></span></p>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2759750063185987853.post-86050869291704694212010-07-28T18:48:00.004-03:002010-08-02T17:14:54.701-03:00Nuevo Encuentro del Taller de Exploración Pragmatista - Ciudadanía & Democracia<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFWZ8-2D19KSasnlSCu4gRccjcuOJ9w-losVcUDvkgNHZmQJBODr7dhKasil4hxJyTROxRW-_gek-1BRHD7zia-QgRMnPUQQkcwdpCNQMi7SAkrMePufj7cAMmx4S0j75Pk7G7VgJj5s59/s1600/bg_branding.png"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 62px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFWZ8-2D19KSasnlSCu4gRccjcuOJ9w-losVcUDvkgNHZmQJBODr7dhKasil4hxJyTROxRW-_gek-1BRHD7zia-QgRMnPUQQkcwdpCNQMi7SAkrMePufj7cAMmx4S0j75Pk7G7VgJj5s59/s400/bg_branding.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5499078227803863970" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Invitamos a todos aquellos que quieran sumarse al encuentro en el que trabajaremos “Pragmatismo y Política” de Richard Rorty. La cita es el 18 de agosto en el Museo Roca a las 18.00hs, sito en Vicente Lopez 2220, CABA. Habrá una breve introducción al autor y la obra a cargo de Gabriel Palumbo y luego, discusión abierta. Los esperamos.</span><br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyAuGx75kdDLclMXqwvbaQgVfRdHp9OU4HhAJIZ_M-_GlrSFmywA6KEk_46OsvCGdcjnff-cD7olGbBANXq4JTmTPcMaQc4uewi8d9vteEjiCgFt9rO0UGmvUDO-64siqHQQf-fbCBTY73/s1600/CN_rorty_farewells.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 200px; height: 277px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyAuGx75kdDLclMXqwvbaQgVfRdHp9OU4HhAJIZ_M-_GlrSFmywA6KEk_46OsvCGdcjnff-cD7olGbBANXq4JTmTPcMaQc4uewi8d9vteEjiCgFt9rO0UGmvUDO-64siqHQQf-fbCBTY73/s400/CN_rorty_farewells.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5499077974708123058" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">www.ciudadaniaydemocracia.org<br /></div></div>Facundo Beyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08262308181256659574noreply@blogger.com2